Nanoparticle-Based Targeted Drug Delivery For In Vivo Bone Loss Mitigation

A method of preventing or inhibiting a disease or condition comprising administering to a patient or animal having a risk of having a disease or condition associated with bone loss a therapeutically effective amount of a medicament comprising:

• phenothiazines having the structure:
• wherein A may be selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyls and/or linear or branched alkenyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;
• R1 may be a tertiary amine or thiol group having a structure including N—(R2)3 or S—(R2) wherein R2 comprises the same or different entities selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclic alkene groups and heterocyclic alkylene groups comprising a heterocyclic element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and sulfur;
• wherein said medicament is in nanoparticle form having a largest linear dimension of 1-999 nanometers and wherein said medicament is combined in a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.

A method for using nuclear magnetic resonance to characterize bone porosity comprising:

• placing a bone sample in an external magnetic field wherein said bone has a whole bone porosity comprising the porosity of the cortical, trabecular and marrow porosity for said bone;
• providing an oscillating radio frequency electromagnetic field for exciting protons within said bone sample;
• providing a receiver to receive signals in the form of data from the excited protons;
• measuring the distribution of protons in said bone sample from said spectrum;
• processing said data to characterize said whole bone porosity wherein said processing step includes determining the median T2 relaxation times from said data.

A method of preventing or inhibiting a disease or condition comprising administering to a patient or animal having a risk of having a disease or condition associated with bone loss a therapeutically effective amount of a nanoparticle medicament including in-vivo bone targeting functionality comprising:

• phenothiazines having the structure:
• wherein A may be selected from the group consisting of linear or branched alkyls and/or linear or branched alkenyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms;
• R1 may be a tertiary amine or thiol group having a structure including N—(R2)3 or S—(R2) wherein R2 comprises the same or different entities selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl groups, alkenyl groups having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, cyclic alkene groups and heterocyclic alkylene groups comprising a heterocyclic element selected from the group consisting of nitrogen and sulfur;
• wherein said medicament is in nanoparticle form having a largest linear dimension of 1-999 nanometers and said nanoparticle form includes bone targeting functionality.