Quaternary ammonium salts as microbe inhibitors
AssigneeMionix Corporation
InventorsMaurice C. Kemp, David E. Lewis
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The present invention relates to quaternary ammonium salts and their use as mold inhibitors. The quaternary salts can be prepared by a chloride ion-promoted reaction between a tertiary amine and an alcohol or polyol in strong acid solution. The quaternary ammonium salts can be applied to a substrate in order to impart anti-mold properties to the substrate. Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salt compounds are applied to paper substrates in an amount of about 1000 ppm. Preferably, the quaternary ammonium salts compounds are applied as mixtures of more than one quaternary ammonium salt compound. The treated substrate does not require encapsulators, binders, or retention aids.
Claims35
A method for imparting anti-microbial properties to a substrate comprising:
- contacting the substrate with a quaternary ammonium salt compound comprising:
- an anion;
- and
- a cation having the formula:
- wherein:
- R1 is a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group having the formula CnH2n+1, wherein 17≦n≦30,
- R2 is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of (a) straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl groups having the formula CnH2n+1, wherein 1≦n≦6;
- (b) cycloalkyl groups or alkyl substituted cycloalkyl groups having the formula CnH2n−1, wherein 3≦n≦10, and (c) benzyl or substituted benzyl groups,
- R3 is an alkyl group selected from the group consisting of (a) straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl groups having the formula CnH2n+1, wherein 1≦n≦6, (b) cycloalkyl or alkyl substituted cycloalkyl groups having the formula CnH2n−1, wherein 3≦n≦10, and (c) benzyl or substituted benzyl groups,
- R4 is an ω-hydroxyalkyl group having the formula [(CH2)mO]nH, wherein 2≦m≦6 and 1≦n≦4, and
- the anion is a halide anion, a hydrogen sulfate anion, hydroxide anion, bicarbonate anion, carbonate anion, a carboxylate anion containing up to 18 carbon atoms, lactate anion, tartrate anion, gluconate anion, saccharinate anion, an alkanesulfonate anion, an arenesulfonate anion, phosphate ion, hydrogen phosphate ion, or dihydrogen phosphate ion, or a mixture of one or more of these ions
- to give a treated paper substrate containing a low concentration of retained quaternary ammonium salt compound and having anti-microbial properties.
A method for imparting anti-microbial properties to a paper substrate comprising:
- contacting the substrate with a quaternary ammonium salt compound comprising:
- an anion;
- and
- a cation having the formula:
- wherein:
- R1 is a straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl group having the formula CnH2n+1, wherein 17≦n≦30;
- and
- X is selected from the group consisting of (a) hydrogen, (b) straight-chain or branched-chain alkyl groups having the formula CnH2n+1, wherein 1≦n≦6, (c) cycloalkyl or alkyl substituted cycloalkyl groups having the formula CnH2n−1, wherein 3≦n≦10, (d) derivatized carboxyl groups, (e) halogens, and (f) dialkylamino groups having the formula NR2, wherein R is an alkyl group with 4 carbons or less,
- to give a treated paper substrate containing a low concentration of retained quaternary ammonium salt compound and having anti-microbial properties.
A clay material having biocidal effects comprising:
- kaolin clay;
- and
- a quaternary ammonium salt compound solution comprising triethylene glycol, sulfuric acid, water, sodium chloride, and N,N-dimethyl-1-octadecylamine-tertiary amine, wherein the clay material is prepared by mixing the kaolin clay with the quaternary ammonium salt compound solution to produce a clay mixture and heating the clay mixture to remove water.
A quaternary ammonium chloride salt formula comprising:
- alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, wherein the alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride comprises about 4% C12 stock sub-fraction by concentration, about 93% C14 stock sub-fraction by concentration, and about 4% C16 stock sub-fraction by concentration;
- didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;
- starch;
- dextrose;
- and
- water.
A quaternary ammonium chloride salt formula comprising:
- alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, wherein the alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride comprises about 4% C12 stock sub-fraction by concentration, about 93% C14 stock sub-fraction by concentration, and about 4% C16 stock sub-fraction by concentration;
- octyl decyl ammonium chloride;
- diacetyl dimethyl chloride;
- didecyl dimethyl chloride;
- starch;
- dextrose;
- and
- water.
A quaternary ammonium chloride salt formula comprising:
- alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride, wherein the alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride comprises about 5% C12 stock sub-fraction by concentration, about 60% C14 stock sub-fraction by concentration, about 30% C16 stock sub-fraction by concentration, and about 5% C18 stock sub-fraction by concentration;
- starch;
- dextrose;
- and
- water.
A method of imparting anti-microbial properties to a substrate comprising:
- applying a quaternary ammonium salt evenly to the substrate using an air actuated automatic spray nozzle.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.