Antenna with Dielectric Having Geometric Patterns

A dielectric antenna comprising:

• a ground plane;
• a dielectric layer disposed on said ground plane and including a first dielectric material and a second dielectric material that collectively define a fractal geometry that extends fully through said dielectric layer, said first dielectric material characterized by a relative permittivity that is at least twice that of said second dielectric material, said first dielectric material and said second dielectric material being further characterized by a loss quantity that yields an antenna efficiency of at least approximately 70 percent;
• and
• an electrically-conductive radiator disposed on said dielectric layer.

A microstrip antenna comprising:

• a ground plane;
• a dielectric layer disposed on said ground plane and including at least one layer of a first dielectric material and a second dielectric material that collectively define a dielectric geometric pattern, said first dielectric material characterized by a relative permittivity that is at least twice that of said second dielectric material, said first dielectric material and said second dielectric material being further characterized by a loss quantity that yields an antenna efficiency of at least approximately 70 percent;
• and
• a conductor disposed on said dielectric layer and adapted to be exposed to a free space environment.