Methods for treating gastrointestinal diseases

A method for inhibiting the growth of bacteria causing a gastrointestinal disease, the method comprising the step of administering an effective amount of a compound of the formula

• or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein:
• R10 is hydrogen or acyl;
• X is H;
• and Y is OR′;
• where R7 is monosaccharide, disaccharide, alkyl, arylalkyl, or heteroarylalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, or acyl or C(O)NR8R9;
• where R8 and R9 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, heteroalkyl, alkoxy, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, and dimethylaminoalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, ureido, and carbamoyl;
• or X and Y are taken together with the attached carbon to form carbonyl;
• V is C(O), C(═NR11), CH(NR12, R13), or N(R14)CH2;
• where N(R14) is attached to the C-10 carbon;
• where R11 is hydroxy or alkoxy;
• R12 and R13 are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, heteroalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, and heteroarylalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, and dimethylaminoalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, ureido, and carbamoyl;
• R14 is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, heteroalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, or dimethylaminoalkyl, acyl, sulfonyl, ureido, or carbamoyl;
• W is H, F, Cl, Br, I, or OH;
• A is CH2, C(O), C(O)O, C(O)NH, S(O)2, S(O)2NH, or C(O)NHS(O)2;
• B is (CH2)n, where n is an integer from 0 to 10;
• or an unsaturated carbon chain of 2 to 10 carbons;
• and
• C is hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, alkoxy, heteroalkyl, aryl, arylalkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl, each of which is optionally substituted, or acyl, acyloxy, sulfonyl, ureido, or carbamoyl;
• or an antibacterial composition thereof further comprising one or more pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, excipients, or diluents therefor, or a combination thereof.