Electrophotographic toner

2:

• The resin binder according to claim 1, wherein the carboxylic acid component comprises at least one succinic acid compound selected from the group consisting of an alkyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and a alkenyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group.

3:

• A resin binder for use in a toner for electrophotography, comprising a composite resin comprising a polycondensation resin and a styrenic resin, wherein the polycondensation resin is a resin obtained by polycondensing
• an alcohol component comprising an alcohol A which is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having two or more secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto, and
• a carboxylic acid component.

4:

• The resin binder according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol A upon the polycondensation of the alcohol component and the carboxylic acid component is present in an amount of from 6 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a total amount of the alcohol component other than the alcohol A and the carboxylic acid component.

5:

• A resin binder for use in a toner for electrophotography, comprising an amorphous resin and a crystalline resin, wherein at least one of the resins of the amorphous resin and the crystalline resin is a resin obtained by polycondensing
• an alcohol component comprising an alcohol A which is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having two or more secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto, and
• a carboxylic acid component.

7:

• The resin binder according to claim 1, wherein the alcohol A is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, which has one or more pairs of a pair of secondary carbon atoms in which the secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto are adjacent to each other.

8:

• The resin binder according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol component further comprises an aliphatic diol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms other than the alcohol A.

9:

• The resin binder according to claim 1, wherein said polycondensing is carried out in the presence of
• an esterification catalyst and
• a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted with hydroxyl groups.

10:

• A toner for electrophotography, comprising the resin binder as defined in claim 1.

11:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 10, further comprising a charge control resin comprising a styrenic resin.

12:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 10, further comprising an external additive having an average particle size of from 20 to 250 nm.

13:

• A toner for electrophotography obtained by a method comprising forming raw materials comprising a resin binder into particles in an aqueous medium, wherein the resin binder comprises a polycondensation resin obtained by polycondensing
• an alcohol component comprising an alcohol A which is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having two or more secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto, and
• a carboxylic acid component.

14:

• A toner for electrophotography obtained by a method comprising forming raw materials comprising a resin binder into particles in an aqueous medium, wherein the resin binder comprises a composite resin comprising a polycondensation resin and a styrenic resin, wherein the resin binder comprises a polycondensation resin obtained by polycondensing
• an alcohol component comprising an alcohol A which is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having two or more secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto, and
• a carboxylic acid component.

15:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 13, wherein the carboxylic acid component comprises at least one succinic acid compound selected from the group consisting of an alkyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and an alkenyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group.

16:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 13, wherein the alcohol A upon the polycondensation of the alcohol component and the carboxylic acid component is present in an amount of from 6 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a total amount of the alcohol component other than the alcohol A and the carboxylic acid component.

17:

• The toner according to claim 13, wherein the alcohol component further comprises an aliphatic diol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms other than the alcohol A.

18:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 14, wherein the alcohol further comprises an aliphatic diol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms other than the alcohol A.

19:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 14, wherein the alcohol A upon the polycondensation of the alcohol component and the carboxylic acid component is present in an amount of from 6 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a total amount of the alcohol component other than the alcohol A and the carboxylic acid component.

20:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 14, wherein the carboxylic acid component comprises at least one succinic acid compound selected from the group consisting of an alkyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and an alkenyl succinate having from 9 to 14 carbon atoms in the alkenyl group.

21:

• The resin binder according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol A is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, which has one or more pairs of a pair of secondary carbon atoms in which the secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto are adjacent to each other.

22:

• The resin binder according to claim 5, wherein the alcohol A is an aliphatic polyhydric alcohol having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, which has one or more pairs of a pair of secondary carbon atoms in which the secondary carbon atoms with a hydroxyl group bound thereto are adjacent to each other.

23:

• The resin binder according to claim 5, wherein the alcohol component further comprises an aliphatic diol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms other than the alcohol A.

24:

• The resin binder according to claim 6, wherein the alcohol component further comprises an aliphatic diol having 2 to 8 carbon atoms other than the alcohol A.

25:

• The resin binder according to claim 3, wherein said polycondensing is carried out in the presence of
• an esterification catalyst and
• a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted with hydroxyl groups.

26:

• The resin binder according to claim 5, wherein said polycondensing is carried out in the presence of
• an esterification catalyst and
• a pyrogallol compound having a benzene ring of which three hydrogen atoms adjacent to each other are substituted with hydroxyl groups.

27:

• A toner for electrophotography comprising the resin binder as defined in claim 1, wherein the resin binder comprises a high-softening point resin having a softening point of from 125° to 160° C. and a low-softening point resin having a softening point of from 90 to 120° C.

28:

• A toner for electrophotography comprising the resin binder as defined in claim 3, wherein the resin binder comprises a high-softening point resin having a softening point of from 125° to 160° C. and a low-softening point resin having a softening point of from 90 to 120° C.

34:

• A toner for electrophotography, comprising the resin binder as defined in claim 3.

35:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 34, further comprising a charge control resin comprising a styrenic resin.

36:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 34, further comprising an external additive having an average particle size of from 20 to 250 nm.

38:

• A toner for electrophotography, comprising the resin binder as defined in claim 5.

39:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 38, further comprising a charge control resin comprising a styrenic resin.

40:

• The toner for electrophotography according to claim 38, further comprising an external additive having an average particle size of from 20 to 250 nm.

42:

• The resin binder according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol A upon the polycondensation of the alcohol component and the carboxylic acid component is present in an amount of from 6 to 100 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of a total amount of the alcohol component other than the alcohol A and the carboxylic acid component.