Data scrambling, descrambling, and data processing method, and controller and storage system using the same

A controller, for scrambling raw data from a host system, the controller comprising:

• a microprocessor unit;
• a storage medium interface unit, coupled to the microprocessor unit, and configured to connect to a storage unit;
• a host interface unit, coupled to the microprocessor unit, and configured to connect to the host system;
• and
• a data encoding unit, coupled to the microprocessor unit, and configured to generate a padded value by using a first function unit based on a random number and a user password from the host system, generating a nonce value by using a second function unit based on the padded value and a key, and generating scrambled data corresponding to the raw data by using a third function unit based on the nonce value and the raw data,
• wherein the microprocessor unit stores the random number in the storage unit.

A storage system, comprising:

• a connector, configured to couple to a host system and receive raw data and a user password from the host system;
• a storage unit;
• and
• a storage medium controller, coupled to the connector and the storage unit, and configured to generate a random number, generating a padded value by using a first function unit based on the random number and the user password, generating a nonce value by using a second function unit based on the padded value and a key, generating scrambled data corresponding to the raw data by using a third function unit based on the nonce value and the raw data, and writing the scrambled data into the storage unit,
• wherein the storage medium controller stores the random number in the storage unit.

A data descrambling method, for descrambling scrambled data stored in a storage unit according to a user password from a host system, the data descrambling method comprising:

• reading a random number from the storage unit;
• generating a padded value by using a first function unit based on the random number and the user password;
• generating a nonce value by using a second function unit based on the padded value and a key;
• and
• generating raw data corresponding to the scrambled data by using a third function unit based on the nonce value and the scrambled data by a storage medium controller.

A data processing method, comprising:

• providing a storage medium controller;
• respectively receiving a first key and a second key;
• encrypting the second key by using the first key to generate a nonce value by the storage medium controller;
• receiving raw data from a host system;
• and
• generating scrambled data corresponding to the raw data by using a third function unit based on the nonce value and the raw data by the storage medium controller.