Biopolymer resistant devices using coatings with surface energy gradient

8) An analytical device comprising a fluid-impervious surface comprising a base surface, at least one distinct region of length L and width W of the base surface covered by a mixed monolayer film, the mixed monolayer film comprising a species having a functional group M1 and a species having a functional group M2 where M1 and M2 have different surface energies, the mixed monolayer forming a surface energy gradient from a proximal location to a distal location within the region wherein L equals the distance from the proximal location to the distal location, W is 20 nanometers or greater, and the ratio of L/W is greater than 2 and wherein any portions of the surface that border the at least one distinct region along the dimension L have substantially equal surface energies and wherein at least one of the regions comprising the surface energy gradient is defined in a series of channels and passages.