Spiroheterocyclic compounds and their uses as therapeutic agents

A compound of formula (I):

• wherein:
• p is 1 to 2;
• j and k are each independently 0, 1, 2 or 3;
• Q is —O—;
• is a fused thienyl ring;
• R1 is hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, aryl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heteroaryl, heterocyclyl, —R8—OR5, —R8—CN, —R9—P(O)(OR5)2, or —R9—O—R9—OR5;
• or R1 is aralkyl substituted by —C(O)N(R6)R7 where:
• R6 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;
• and
• R7 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, —R9—CN, —R9—OR5, —R9—N(R4)R5, aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, or heteroarylalkyl;
• or R6 and R7, together with the nitrogen to which they are attached, may form a heterocyclyl or heteroaryl;
• and wherein each aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl and heteroarylalkyl groups for R6 and R7 may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, halo, haloalkyl, —R8—CN, —R8—OR5, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl;
• or R1 is aralkyl optionally substituted by —R8—OR5, —C(O)OR5, halo, haloalkyl, alkyl, nitro, cyano, aryl (optionally substituted by cyano), aralkyl (optionally substituted by one or more alkyl groups), heterocyclyl or heteroaryl;
• or R1 is —R9—N(R10)R11, —R9—N(R12)C(O)R11 or —R9—N(R10)C(O)N(R10)R11 where:
• each R10 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl or aralkyl;
• each R11 is hydrogen, alkyl, haloalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —R9—OC(O)R5, —R9—C(O)OR5, —R9—C(O)N(R4)R5, —R9—C(O)R5, —R9—OR5, or —R9—CN;
• and
• R12 is hydrogen, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl or —C(O)R5;
• and wherein each aryl, aralkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl and heteroarylalkyl groups for R10 and R11 may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, halo, haloalkyl, nitro, —R8—CN, —R8—OR5, —R8—C(O)R5, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl;
• or R1 is heterocyclylalkyl or heteroarylalkyl where the heterocyclylalkyl or the heteroarylalkyl group is optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, haloalkyl, —R8—OR5, —R8—C(O)OR5, aryl and aralkyl;
• each R2 is each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —R8—CN, —R8—NO2, —R8—OR5, —R8—N(R4)R5, —N═C(R4)R5, —S(O)mR4, —R8—C(O)R4, —C(S)R4, —C(R4)2C(O)R5, —R8—C(O)OR4, —C(S)OR4, —R8—C(O)N(R4)R5, —C(S)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(O)R4, —N(R5)C(S)R4, —N(R5)C(O)OR4, —N(R5)C(S)OR4, —N(R5)C(O)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(S)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)S(O)nR4, —N(R5)S(O)nN(R4)R5, —R8—S(O)nN(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(═NR5)N(R4)R5, and —N(R5)C(═N—CN)N(R4)R5, wherein each m is independently 0, 1, or 2 and each n is independently 1 or 2;
• and wherein each of the cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl and heteroarylalkyl groups for each R2 may be optionally substituted by one or more substituents selected from the group consisting of alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —R8—CN, —R8—NO2, —R8—OR5, —R8—N(R4)R5, —S(O)mR4, —R8—C(O)R4, —R8—C(O)OR4, —R8—C(O)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(O)R4, and —N(R5)S(O)nR4, wherein each m is independently 0, 1, or 2 and each n is independently 1 or 2;
• or two adjacent R2 groups, together with the fused heteroaryl ring or the fused heterocyclyl ring atoms to which they are directly attached, may form a fused ring selected from cycloalkyl, aryl, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl, and the remaining R2 groups, if present, are as described above;
• R3a, R3b, R3c and R3d are each independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, alkoxy, halo, haloalkyl, haloalkenyl, haloalkoxy, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, aralkenyl, heterocyclyl, heterocyclylalkyl, heteroaryl, heteroarylalkyl, —R8—CN, —R8—NO2, —R8—OR5, —R8—N(R4)R5, —N═C(R4)R5, —S(O)mR4, —R8—C(O)R4, —C(S)R4, —C(R4)2C(O)R5, —R8—C(O)OR4, —C(S)OR4, —R8—C(O)N(R4)R5, —C(S)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(O)R4, —N(R5)C(S)R4, —N(R5)C(O)OR4, —N(R5)C(S)OR4, —N(R5)C(O)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(S)N(R4)R5, —N(R5)S(O)nR4, —N(R5)S(O)nN(R4)R5, —R8—S(O)nN(R4)R5, —N(R5)C(═NR5)N(R4)R5, and —N(R5)C(N═C(R4)R5)N(R4)R5, wherein each m is independently 0, 1, or 2 and each n is independently 1 or 2;
• or R3a and R3b, or R3b and R3c, or R3c and R3d, together with the carbon ring atoms to which they are directly attached, may form a fused ring selected from cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl or heteroaryl, and the remaining R3a, R3b, R3c or R3d group is as defined above;
• each R4 and R5 is independently selected from group consisting of hydrogen, alkyl, alkenyl, alkynyl, haloalkyl, alkoxyalkyl, cycloalkyl, cycloalkylalkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heterocyclyl and heteroaryl;
• or when R4 and R5 are each attached to the same nitrogen atom, then R4 and R5, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, may form a heterocyclyl or heteroaryl;
• and
• each R8 is a direct bond or a straight or branched alkylene chain, a straight or branched alkenylene chain or a straight or branched alkynylene chain;
• and
• each R9 is a straight or branched alkylene chain, a straight or branched alkenylene chain or a straight or branched alkynylene chain;
• as a stereoisomer, enantiomer, tautomer thereof or mixtures thereof;
• or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate or prodrug thereof.