Click chemistry, molecular transport junctions, and colorimetric detection of copper
AssigneeNorthwestern University
InventorsChad A. Mirkin, Xiaodong Chen, Adam B. Braunschweig, Michael J. Wiester, Xiaoyang Xu, Weston L. Daniel
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Abstract
Click chemistry is used to construct molecular transport junctions (MTJs) through assembly of a molecular wire across a nanogap formed between two electrodes. Also disclosed are methods of using click chemistry and oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles to detect the presence of copper in a sample.
Claims36
A composition comprising (a) a nanowire comprising two segments separated by a gap of about 2 nm to about 20 nm and a coating disposed along one side of the nanowire, and (b) a compound of formula (I) having a length sufficient to span the gap and having a structure I:
- wherein R1 and R2 are independently selected from the group consisting of hydrogen, C1-C20alkyl, and C1-C20alkylaryl, each R3 is a moiety or residue of a moiety capable of forming a covalent bond or non-covalent interaction with a segment of the nanowire;
- and n is an integer of 1 to 20.
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A method of detecting copper in a sample, comprising
- (a) heating the sample and a complex to determine a melting temperature of the complex in the presence of the sample, the complex comprising (i) a first oligonucleotide attached to a first nanoparticle, (ii) a second oligonucleotide attached to a second nanoparticle, and (iii) a third oligonucleotide;
- and
- (b) comparing the melting temperature of the complex in the presence of the sample to a melting temperature of the complex in the absence of copper,
- wherein when the complex has a higher melting temperature in the presence of the sample than in the absence of copper, the sample comprises copper;
- and
- wherein each of the second and third oligonucleotide is sufficiently complementary to the first oligonucleotide to hybridize;
- the second oligonucleotide is complementary to a first portion of the first oligonucleotide;
- the third oligonucleotide is complementary to a second portion of the first oligonucleotide;
- one of the second oligonucleotide or third oligonucleotide comprises an alkyne moiety at a terminus and the other of the second oligonucleotide or third oligonucleotide comprises an azide moiety at a terminus;
- the alkyne moiety and the azide moiety react in the presence of copper to ligate the second oligonucleotide and third oligonucleotide;
- and
- the first portion of the first oligonucleotide is sufficiently adjacent to the second portion of the first oligonucleotide to permit ligation between the first oligonucleotide and the second oligonucleotide.
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A method of detecting copper in a sample, comprising
- (a) heating the sample and a complex comprising (1) a first oligonucleotide attached to a first nanoparticle, (2) a second oligonucleotide attached to a second nanoparticle, and (3) a third oligonucleotide;
- and
- (b) heating the complex in the absence of copper,
- wherein when the complex in the absence of copper has a change in color or absorbance before the complex in the presence of the sample has a change in color or absorbance, the sample comprises copper;
- and
- wherein each of the second and third oligonucleotide is sufficiently complementary to the first oligonucleotide to hybridize;
- the second oligonucleotide is complementary to a first portion of the first oligonucleotide;
- the third oligonucleotide is complementary to a second portion of the first oligonucleotide;
- one of the second oligonucleotide or third oligonucleotide comprises an alkyne moiety at a terminus and the other of the second oligonucleotide or third oligonucleotide comprises an azide moiety at a terminus;
- the alkyne moiety and the azide moiety react in the presence of copper to ligate the second oligonucleotide and third oligonucleotide;
- and
- the first portion of the first oligonucleotide is sufficiently adjacent to the second portion of the first oligonucleotide to permit ligation between the first oligonucleotide and the second oligonucleotide.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.