Broadband circularly polarized patch antenna

An antenna structure comprising:

• a connector;
• a ground plane layer;
• a feed line layer shaped as an open loop having an input portion, the connector connectable to the input portion with the ground plane layer disposed therebetween, the feed line layer separable from the ground plane layer by a first substrate, signals being feedable to the feed line layer via the input portion;
• a first radiating patch layer stacked adjacent to the feed line layer, the first radiating patch layer having a reference origin defined thereon and the first radiating patch layer separable from the feed line layer by a second substrate;
• a plurality of probes disposed between the feed line layer and the first radiating patch layer, the plurality of probes coupling the feed line layer and the first radiating patch layer, the signals being feedable from the feed line layer to the first radiating patch layer via the plurality of probes, each of the plurality of probes being positionable about the reference origin of the first radiating patch layer along the length of the feed line layer;
• and
• a second radiating patch layer stacked adjacent to the first radiating patch layer for improvement of axial ratio bandwidth, the first and second radiating patch layers separable by a third substrate,
• wherein the signals achieve a substantially ninety degree phase difference for providing circularly polarized radiation in response to being fed via the plurality of probes being positioned about the reference origin of the radiating patch layer along the length of the feed line layer and operating frequency of the antenna structure is determinable by thickness of each of the first substrate, second substrate and third substrate.