# US 2010/0168283 A1 · Flame retardant resinous compositions and process > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2010/0168283 A1 - Document ID: US20100168283A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 12/346,065 - Filed: 2008-12-30 - Published: 2010-07-01 - Earliest claimed: 2008-12-30 - Assignees: Sabic Innovative Plastics IP B.V. - Inventors: Satish Gaggar; Cameron Youngstrom - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20100168283A1 ## CPC - C08L 25/06: Polystyrene - C08L 25/04: Homopolymers or copolymers of styrene - C08L 25/12: with unsaturated nitriles - C08K 5/521: Esters of phosphoric acids, e.g. of H3PO4 - C08L 1/02: Cellulose; Modified cellulose - C08L 97/02: Lignocellulosic material, e.g. wood, straw or bagasse {(manufacture of articles made from lignocellulosic material by dry processes B27N)} - C08L: COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS (compositions based on polymerisable monomers C08F, C08G; artificial filaments or fibres D01F; textile treating compositions D06) - C08K: Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients (paints, inks, varnishes, dyes, polishes, adhesives C09) ## Abstract Disclosed is a resinous, flame-retardant composition comprising (i) 40-66 wt. % alkenyl aromatic resin, (ii) 9-33 wt. % ammonium polyphosphate, (iii) 14-40 wt. % cellulosic material and (iv) an amount of between 0.1 parts per 100 parts resinous components (phr) and 10 phr of at least one metal stearate, wherein all weights are based on the total weight of the composition and wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio effective to provide molded articles exhibiting at least V-1 flame rating as determined according to the UL-94 protocol. Processes to prepare the composition and articles comprising a composition of the invention are also disclosed. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A resinous, flame-retardant composition comprising (i) 40-66 wt. % alkenyl aromatic resin, (ii) 9-33 wt. % ammonium polyphosphate, (iii) 14-40 wt. % cellulosic material and (iv) an amount of between 0.1 parts per 100 parts resinous components (phr) and 10 phr of at least one metal stearate, wherein all weights are based on the total weight of the composition and wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio effective to provide molded articles exhibiting at least V-1 flame rating as determined according to the UL-94 protocol. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio in a range of 1:3 to 3:1. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio in a range of 1:2 to 2:1. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the alkenyl aromatic resin is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer (ABS), high-impact polystyrene (HIPS), styrene-acrylonitrile copolymer (SAN), alpha-methylstyrene/acrylonitrile copolymer, alpha-methylstyrene/styrene/acrylonitrile copolymer and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the type of ammonium polyphosphate is crystal phase II. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the cellulosic material comprises or is derived from cellulosic fiber, wood fiber, seed husks, ground rice hulls, newspaper, kenaf, coconut shell, sawdust, alfalfa, wheat pulp, wood chips, wood particles, ground wood, wood flour, wood flakes, wood veneers, wood laminates, paper, cardboard, straw, cotton, peanut shells, bagass, plant fibers, bamboo fiber, or palm fiber. ### Claim 7 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, wherein the metal stearate is zinc stearate. ### Claim 8 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, which further comprises at least one adjunct flame retardant. ### Claim 9 (depends on 8) The composition of claim 8, wherein the adjunct flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of monophosphate esters, triaryl phosphates, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate, diphenylcresyl phosphate, phenyl bisdodecyl phosphate, ethyl diphenyl phosphate, diphosphate esters, aryl diphosphates, resorcinol diphosphate, bisphenol A diphosphate, diphenyl hydrogen phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen phosphate and oligomeric phosphates. ### Claim 10 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, further comprising at least one additive selected from the group consisting of lubricants, flow promoters, plasticizers, antistatic agents, mold release agents, impact modifiers, stabilizers, color stabilizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-drip agents, UV screeners, UV absorbers, a rubbery additive, an adjunct copolymer comprising structural units derived from maleic anhydride, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 11 (depends on 10) The composition of claim 10, comprising at least one rubbery additive selected from the group consisting of styrene-diene block copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile-butadiene rubber. ### Claim 12 (depends on 10) The composition of claim 10, wherein the adjunct copolymer is selected from the group consisting of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA), styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride copolymer (SANMA), poly(ethylene-g-maleic anhydride), poly(propylene-g-maleic anhydride), (ethylene-propylene)-g-maleic anhydride, EPDM-g-maleic anhydride, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer (SAA) and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 13 (depends on 10) The composition of claim 10, wherein the adjunct copolymer is present in an amount of about 0.2-5 phr. ### Claim 14 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, which is prepared by an extrusion process wherein at least a portion of the ammonium polyphosphate is fed down-stream from the alkenyl aromatic resin and cellulosic material. ### Claim 15 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, which is prepared by an extrusion process wherein at least a portion of the alkenyl aromatic resin and cellulosic material are precompounded together before combination with ammonium polyphosphate. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) The composition of claim 1, which is prepared by a compounding process wherein at least a portion of the alkenyl aromatic resin and starch are precompounded, at least a portion of the alkenyl aromatic resin and ammonium polyphosphate are precompounded, and proportions of the two precompounded materials are compounded to form a final composition. ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) An article comprising the composition of claim 1. ### Claim 18 (depends on 8) An article comprising the composition of claim 8. ### Claim 19 (depends on 10) An article comprising the composition of claim 10. ### Claim 20 (depends on 11) An article comprising the composition of claim 11. ### Claim 21 (depends on 17) The article of claim 17, which comprises an electrical housing, a business machine internal or external part, a printer housing, a computer housing, a switch, a profile or a window profile. ### Claim 22 A resinous, flame-retardant composition comprising (i) 40-66 wt. % alkenyl aromatic resin, (ii) 9-33 wt. % ammonium polyphosphate, (iii) 14-40 wt. % cellulosic material, (iv) an amount of between 0.1 parts per 100 parts resinous components (phr) and 10 phr of at least one metal stearate, and (v) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of lubricants, flow promoters, plasticizers, antistatic agents, mold release agents, impact modifiers, stabilizers, color stabilizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-drip agents, UV screeners, UV absorbers, adjunct flame retardants, rubbery additives, adjunct copolymers comprising structural units derived from maleic anhydride, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof, wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio in a range of 1:2 to 2:1 effective to provide molded articles exhibiting at least V-1 flame rating as determined according to the UL-94 protocol. ### Claim 23 (depends on 22) The composition of claim 22, wherein the metal stearate is zinc stearate. ### Claim 24 (depends on 22) The composition of claim 22, wherein the adjunct flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of monophosphate esters, triaryl phosphates, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate, diphenylcresyl phosphate, phenyl bisdodecyl phosphate, ethyl diphenyl phosphate, diphosphate esters, aryl diphosphates, resorcinol diphosphate, bisphenol A diphosphate, diphenyl hydrogen phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen phosphate and oligomeric phosphates. ### Claim 25 (depends on 22) The composition of claim 22, comprising at least one rubbery additive selected from the group consisting of styrene-diene block copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile-butadiene rubber. ### Claim 26 (depends on 22) The composition of claim 22, wherein the adjunct copolymer is present in an amount of about 0.2-5 phr and is selected from the group consisting of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA), styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride copolymer (SANMA), poly(ethylene-g-maleic anhydride), poly(propylene-g-maleic anhydride), (ethylene-propylene)-g-maleic anhydride, EPDM-g-maleic anhydride, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer (SAA) and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 27 (depends on 22) An article comprising the composition of claim 22. ### Claim 28 An extrusion process for preparing a resinous, flame-retardant composition comprising (i) 40-66 wt. % alkenyl aromatic resin, (ii) 9-33 wt. % ammonium polyphosphate (iii) 14-40 wt. % cellulosic material, (iv) an amount of between 0. 1 parts per 100 parts resinous components (phr) and 10 phr of at least one metal stearate, and (v) at least one additive selected from the group consisting of lubricants, flow promoters, plasticizers, antistatic agents, mold release agents, impact modifiers, stabilizers, color stabilizers, heat stabilizers, light stabilizers, antioxidants, anti-drip agents, UV screeners, UV absorbers, adjunct flame retardants, rubbery additives, adjunct copolymers comprising structural units derived from maleic anhydride, acrylic acid or methacrylic acid, and mixtures thereof, wherein ammonium polyphosphate and cellulosic material are present in a weight % ratio in a range of 1:2 to 2:1 effective to provide molded articles exhibiting at least V-1 flame rating as determined according to the UL-94 protocol, which process comprises the step of adding at least a portion of the ammonium polyphosphate to the extruder down-stream from the alkenyl aromatic resin and the cellulosic material. ### Claim 29 (depends on 28) The extrusion process of claim 28, wherein the composition comprises zinc stearate. ### Claim 30 (depends on 28) The extrusion process of claim 28, wherein the composition comprises at least one rubbery additive selected from the group consisting of styrene-diene block copolymers, styrene-butadiene rubber and nitrile-butadiene rubber. ### Claim 31 (depends on 28) The extrusion process of claim 28, wherein the adjunct flame retardant is selected from the group consisting of monophosphate esters, triaryl phosphates, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, tritolyl phosphate, diphenylcresyl phosphate, phenyl bisdodecyl phosphate, ethyl diphenyl phosphate, diphosphate esters, aryl diphosphates, resorcinol diphosphate, bisphenol A diphosphate, diphenyl hydrogen phosphate, 2-ethylhexyl hydrogen phosphate and oligomeric phosphates. ### Claim 32 (depends on 28) The extrusion process of claim 28, wherein the adjunct copolymer is present in an amount of about 0.2-5 phr and is selected from the group consisting of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymer (SMA), styrene-acrylonitrile-maleic anhydride copolymer (SANMA), poly(ethylene-g-maleic anhydride), poly(propylene-g-maleic anhydride), (ethylene-propylene)-g-maleic anhydride, EPDM-g-maleic anhydride, styrene-acrylic acid copolymer (SAA) and mixtures thereof. ### Claim 33 (depends on 28) An article comprising the composition prepared by the process of claim 28.