# US 2010/0165221 A1 · Display device > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2010/0165221 A1 - Document ID: US20100165221A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 12/377,680 - Filed: 2007-08-14 - Published: 2010-07-01 - Earliest claimed: 2006-08-17 - Assignees: Koninklijke Philips Electronics N.V. - Inventors: Marcellinus Petrus Carolus Michael Krijn; Oscar Hendrikus Willemsen; Siebe Tjerk De Zwart; Ivar Jacco Boerefijn - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20100165221A1 ## CPC - G02B 30/27: involving lenticular arrays - G02B 30/31: involving active parallax barriers (involving directional light or back-light sources G02B30/33) - H04N 13/305: using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses - H04N 13/315: the parallax barriers being time-variant - H04N 13/32: using arrays of controllable light sources; using moving apertures or moving light sources - H04N 13/354: for displaying sequentially - H04N 13/398: Synchronisation thereof; Control thereof - G02B: OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS - H04N: PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION ## Abstract A multi-view autostereoscopic display device (101) comprises: an image forming means (103); a view forming means (109,117); and a driving means (119). The driving means is arranged to: in a first portion of a driving cycle, drive a first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a first plurality of views and in a second portion of the driving cycle, drive the first group of display pixels with display data for a second plurality of views The second plurality of views are projected in different directions to the first plurality of views, thereby broadening a viewing angle of the device. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A multi-view autostereoscopic display device (101) comprising: an image forming means (103) having an array of display pixels (105) for producing a display, the display pixels (105) being arranged in rows and columns; a view forming means (109, 117) positioned in registration with the image forming means (103) and having an array of view forming elements (111) that are switchable between a transmitting state and a shielding state, the view forming elements (111) each being configurable to focus the output of groups of the display pixels (105) into a plurality of views projected in different horizontal directions; and a driving means (119) arranged to drive the image forming means (103) with display data and to switch the view forming elements (111) of the view forming means (109, 117), wherein the driving means (119) is arranged to: in a first portion of a driving cycle, drive a first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a first plurality of views and switch first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) that are horizontally adjacent to each other to transmitting and shielding states respectively, so that the first plurality of views can be observed through the first view forming element (111b); and in a second portion of the driving cycle, drive the first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a second plurality of views and switch the first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) to shielding and transmitting states respectively, so that the second plurality of views can be observed through the second view forming element (111c). ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the image forming means (103) comprises a liquid crystal display panel or a plasma display panel. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the view forming means (109, 117) comprises a spatially switchable backlight for the image forming means (103). ### Claim 4 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the view forming elements (111) of the view forming means (109, 117) comprise transmissive slits or lenticular lenses. ### Claim 5 (depends on 4) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein the view forming elements (111) each comprises liquid crystal material arranged to be switchable to provide the transmissive and shielding states. ### Claim 6 (depends on 4) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 4, wherein the view forming elements (111) of the view forming means (109, 117) comprise a spatially switchable barrier (117), arranged in series with the array of view forming elements (111), to provide the transmissive and shielding states. ### Claim 7 (depends on 6) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 6, wherein the spatially switchable barrier (117) comprises liquid crystal material arranged to be switchable between the transmissive and shielding states. ### Claim 8 (depends on 6) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 6, wherein the spatially switchable barrier (117) is positioned against the array of view forming elements (111). ### Claim 9 (depends on 6) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 6, wherein the spatially switchable barrier comprises: a light polarizing layer (503a), arranged between the image forming means (503) and the array of view forming elements (511), so that light from the image forming means (503) is polarized in a first direction; retarders (517a) formed in registration with a number of the view forming elements (511) for changing the polarisation direction of the light transmitted therethrough from the first direction to a second direction; and an optical arrangement (517b) arranged to selectably block light polarized in the first and second directions, wherein elements of the spatially switchable barrier (517) are arranged to be switched between the transmissive and shielding states by changing the polarization direction of light blocked by the optical arrangement (517b). ### Claim 10 (depends on 9) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 9, wherein the optical arrangement (517b) comprises a rotator means for selectably changing the polarization direction of light and a polarizing layer for blocking the transmission of light polarized in the first or second direction. ### Claim 11 (depends on 9) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 9, wherein the light polarizing layer (503a) of the spatially switchable barrier forms a functional part of the image forming means (503). ### Claim 12 (depends on 6) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 6, wherein the view forming function of the view forming elements (111) is switchable, and wherein the driving means (119) is arranged to provide a two dimensional mode of operation in which the view forming elements (111) and/or the spatially switchable barrier (117) is/are switched to be transmissive and to not perform the view forming function, and the driving means (119) is arranged to drive the image forming means (103) with display data for a single view. ### Claim 13 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein each group of display pixels (105) is associated with two view forming elements (111), so that the output of each group is observable through the two view forming elements alternately. ### Claim 14 (depends on 13) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein each group of display pixels (105) is located, in the horizontal direction, between the two view forming elements (111) with which it is associated. ### Claim 15 (depends on 13) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 13, wherein the frame rate of the image forming means (103) is at least 100 Hz. ### Claim 16 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the view forming elements (111) are slanted at an angle to the column direction of the image forming means (103). ### Claim 17 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the display pixels (105) of the image forming means (103) are arranged in orthogonal rows and columns. ### Claim 18 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the view forming means comprises: a backlight (407) arranged to produce light selectably polarized in first and second directions; a light barrier (417), arranged between the image forming means (403) and the backlight (407), having the view forming elements in the form of a plurality of narrow slits (417a) arranged in the horizontal direction for transmitting light from the backlight (407), a number of the slits (417a) being arranged to change the polarization direction of light transmitted therethrough; and a light polarizing layer (403a), arranged between the image forming means (403) and the light barrier (417), and arranged to transmit light having the first or second polarization direction and to block light having the other of the first and second polarization directions, wherein the view forming elements (417a) are switched between transmitting and shielding states by changing the polarization direction of light produced by the backlight (407). ### Claim 19 (depends on 18) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 18, wherein the backlight (407) of the view forming means comprises a plurality of light sources, each arranged to produce light polarized in the first or second direction, wherein the light sources arranged to produce light polarized in the first and second directions are arranged to be activated selectably. ### Claim 20 (depends on 18) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 18, wherein the light polarizing layer of the view forming means forms a functional part of the image forming means. ### Claim 21 (depends on 18) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 18, wherein a number of the slits of the light barrier of the view forming means are provided with half wave retarders for changing the polarization direction of light transmitted therethrough ### Claim 22 (depends on 1) A multi-view autostereoscopic display device according to claim 1, wherein the driving means (119) is arranged to switch the view forming elements (111) such that, in each of the first and second portions of the driving cycle, the view forming elements (111) having the transmitting state and the shielding state are distributed alternately in the row direction and the column direction of the display pixels (105). ### Claim 23 A method of driving a multi-view autostereoscopic display device, the device comprising an image forming means (103) having an array of display pixels (105) arranged in rows and columns for producing a display, and a view forming means (109, 117) positioned in registration with the image forming means (103) and having an array of view forming elements (111) each being configurable to focus the output of groups of the display pixels (105) into a plurality of views projected in different horizontal directions, the method comprising in a first portion of a driving cycle, driving a first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a first plurality of views and switching first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) that are horizontally adjacent to each other to transmitting and shielding states respectively, so that the first plurality of views can be observed through the first view forming element (111b); and in a second portion of the driving cycle, driving the first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a second plurality of views and switching the first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) to shielding and transmitting states respectively, so that the second plurality of views can be observed through the second view forming element (111c). ### Claim 24 (depends on 23) A method according to claim 23, wherein the switching between the transmitting and shielding states of the view forming elements (111) comprises applying an electric field across a liquid crystal material. ### Claim 25 (depends on 23) A method according to claim 23, wherein the second portion of the driving cycle is immediately followed by a first portion of a subsequent driving cycle, so that the output of each group of pixels is observable through the two view forming elements (111b, 111c) alternately. ### Claim 26 (depends on 25) A method according to claim 25, wherein the image forming means (103) is driven at a frame rate of at least 100 Hz. ### Claim 27 (depends on 23) A method according to claim 23, further comprising providing a two dimensional mode of operation in which: the view forming elements (111) is switched to be transmissive and to not perform the view forming function; and a driving means (119) drives the image forming means (103) with display data for a single view. ### Claim 28 A display driver (119) for a multi-view autostereoscopic display device (101), the display device (101) comprising an image forming means (103) having an array of display pixels (105) arranged in rows and columns for producing a display, and a view forming means (109, 117) positioned in registration with the image forming means (103) and having an array of view forming elements (111) each being configurable to focus the output of groups of the display pixels (105) into a plurality of views projected in different horizontal directions, wherein the display driver (119) is for driving the image forming means (103) with display data and for switching the view forming elements (111) of the view forming means (109, 117), and wherein the display driver (119) is arranged to: in a first portion of a driving cycle, drive a first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a first plurality of views and switch first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) that are horizontally adjacent to each other to transmitting and shielding states respectively, so that the first plurality of views can be observed through the first view forming element (111b); and in a second portion of the driving cycle, drive the first group of display pixels (105) with display data for a second plurality of views and switch the first and second view forming elements (111b, 111c) to shielding and transmitting states respectively, so that the second plurality of views can be observed through the second view forming element (111c).