Compounds for enzyme inhibition

A compound having a structure of formula (I) or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof,

• wherein
• each Ar is independently an aromatic group optionally substituted with 1 to 4 substituents;
• each A is independently selected from C═O, C═S, and SO2;
• or
• A is optionally a covalent bond when adjacent to an occurrence of Z;
• B is absent or is N(R9)R10;
• L is absent or is selected from C═O, C═S, and SO2;
• M is absent or is C1-12alkyl;
• Q is absent or is selected from O, NH, and N—C1-6alkyl;
• X is selected from O, S, NH, and N—C1-6alkyl;
• Y is absent or is selected from C═O and SO2;
• each Z is independently selected from O, S, NH, and N—C1-6alkyl;
• or
• Z is optionally a covalent bond when adjacent to an occurrence of A;
• R1 is selected from H, —C1-6alkyl-B, C1-6hydroxyalkyl, C1-6alkoxyalkyl, aryl, and C1-6aralkyl;
• R2 and R3 are each independently selected from aryl, C1-6aralkyl, heteroaryl, and C1-6heteroaralkyl;
• R4 is N(R5)L-Q-R6;
• R5 is selected from hydrogen, OH, C1-6aralkyl, and C1-6alkyl;
• R6 is selected from hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkenyl, C1-6alkynyl, Ar—Y—, carbocyclyl, heterocyclyl, an N-terminal protecting group, aryl, C1-6aralkyl, R11ZAZ—C1-8alkyl-, R14Z—C1-8alkyl-, (R11O)(R12O)P(═O)O—C1-8alkyl-ZAZ—C1-8alkyl-, R11ZAZ—C1-8alkyl-ZAZ—C1-8alkyl-, heterocyclylMZAZ—C1-8alkyl-, (R11O)(R12O)P(═O)O—C1-8alkyl-, (R13)2N—C1-12alkyl-, (R13)3N+—C1-12alkyl-, heterocyclylM-, carbocyclylM-, R14SO2C1-8alkyl-, and R14SO2NH;
• or
• R5 and R6 together are C1-6alkyl-Y—C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkyl-ZAZ—C1-6alkyl, ZAZ—C1-6alkyl-ZAZ—C1-6alkyl, ZAZ—C1-6alkyl-ZAZ, or C1-6alkyl-A, thereby forming a ring;
• R7 and R8 are independently selected from hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, and C1-6aralkyl;
• R9 is selected from hydrogen, OH, and C1-6alkyl;
• and
• R10 is an N-terminal protecting group;
• R11 and R12 are independently selected from hydrogen, metal cation, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkenyl, C1-6alkynyl, aryl, and C1-6aralkyl;
• each R13 is independently selected from hydrogen and C1-6alkyl;
• and
• R14 is independently selected from hydrogen, C1-6alkyl, C1-6alkenyl, C1-6alkynyl, carbocyclyl heterocyclyl, aryl, and C1-6aralkyl;
• R15 is selected from C1-6alkyl, C1-6hydroxyalkyl, C1-6alkoxy, —C(O)OC1-6alkyl, —C(O)NHC1-6alkyl, and C1-6aralkyl;
• provided that in any occurrence of the sequence ZAZ, at least one member of the sequence must be other than a covalent bond.