Apparatus and method for implementing a road pricing scheme

A vehicle monitoring device, comprising:

• a location device for determining location data indicating a location of a vehicle during a journey between an origin point and a destination point;
• an emission measurement device for determining emission data indicating an amount of emission produced by the vehicle during the journey;
• and
• a vehicle monitoring processor for receiving and processing the location data and the emission data.

A method of determining a road usage fee, comprising:

• receiving vehicle data from a vehicle monitoring device;
• determining distance traveled and road section traveled by a vehicle comprising the vehicle monitoring device during a journey, time and date of the journey, and fuel consumed during the journey based on the vehicle data;
• and
• calculating a road usage fee for the journey.

A method of determining a road usage fee, comprising:

• receiving vehicle data from a vehicle monitoring device;
• determining distance traveled and road section traveled by a vehicle comprising the vehicle monitoring device during a journey, time and date of the journey, and an amount of emission during the journey based on the vehicle data;
• and
• calculating a road usage fee for the journey.

A method of determining a road usage fee, the method comprising:

• determining a debit based on roads used at a time of day;
• determining a credit or debit based on fuel consumed as a result of fuel tax already paid;
• determining a credit or debit based on low emission levels, when compared with manufactures stated levels of emissions for the vehicle;
• determining a credit or debit based on low mileage over a predetermined period of time as a result of road tax already paid;
• and
• determining a credit or debit for using roads at off peak times.