High flux x-ray target and assembly

An X-ray tube assembly comprising:

• an envelope having at least a portion thereof substantially transparent to X-ray;
• a cathode assembly disposed in the envelope;
• and
• an anode assembly disposed in the envelope, the anode assembly comprising:
• an X-ray target having a target surface;
• and
• a drive assembly configured to provide an oscillatory motion to the X-ray target;
• wherein the X-ray target comprises a target surface configured to remain at a substantially fixed distance from the cathode assembly during oscillatory motion.