Electrochemical Sensor and Methods for Making and Using Same

A method for making an electrochemical sensor, characterized by the steps:

• applying a composite mixture on a measurement surface comprising a preselected ratio of a porous sorbent and a polymer to form a stable film thereon, wherein said polymer in said film minimizes fouling at said measurement surface by a fouling component(s) in a sample medium and said sorbent in said film preconcentrates a metal(s) from said sample medium for measurement thereof.

An electrochemical sensor composition, characterized by:

• a preselected ratio of a porous sorbent mixed with a preselected fluoropolymer.

A method for using an electrochemical sensor for determining a metal(s) in a sample medium, comprising the steps:

• contacting a film on a measurement surface comprising a preselected ratio of a porous sorbent composed of a self-assembled monolayer on a mesoporous support (SAMMS) and a fluoropolymer with a sample medium containing said metal(s) for a preselected time, wherein said SAMMS sorbent preconcentrates said metal(s) in said film and said fluoropolymer minimizes binding of said fouling component in said medium at said measurement surface that interferes with determination of said metal(s);
• and
• electrochemically determining said metal(s).