Heat transfer apparatus with a variable absorption surface

Heat transfer apparatus, comprising a transparent wall (12) in contact with a first thermal mass (M1) and adapted to be exposed to solar radiation (S), an insulating module (14) placed between the transparent wall (12) and a second thermal mass (M2) which is to be heated or cooled, the insulating module (14) comprising circulation passages (16, 18) for a heat-carrying fluid which does or not permit heat transfer between the first thermal mass (M1) and the second thermal mass (M2),

• characterized in that it comprises a surface with variable absorption (20;
• 120;
• 220) interposed between the transparent wall (12) and the insulating module (14), said variable absorption surface being exposed to solar radiation (S) through the transparent wall (12) and having absorbent regions (20A;
• 120A;
• 220A) and/or reflective regions (20R;
• 120R;
• 220R), as well as movable shutters (22;
• 122;
• 222) arranged opposite the variable absorption surface (20;
• 120;
• 220) and each having an absorbent side (22A;
• 122A;
• 222A) and/or a reflective surface (22R;
• 122R;
• 222R), these shutters being movable between at least one first position and a second position in order to vary the absorbent regions and/or the reflective regions as well as the absorbent sides and/or the reflective sides exposed to the solar radiation.