Modification of vegetable oils for fuel applications
Assignee21St Century R & D, LLC
InventorJohn Rissio
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A bio-organic composition includes residues of a vegetable oil, residues of a first epoxide or glycol, and the residues of a second epoxide. The vegetable oil is characterized by the viscosity at room temperature. The first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the room temperature viscosity of the bio-organic composition is lower than the room temperature viscosity of the vegetable oil prior to formulation and/or the first epoxide or glycol and second epoxides are present in a sufficient amount that the pour point of the bio-organic composition is lower than the pour point of the vegetable oil prior to formulation.
Claims26
A method of forming a bio-organic composition, the method comprising:
- a) mixing a vegetable oil and a first reaction promoter at a first predetermined temperature to form a first intermediate reaction mixture;
- b) adding a first epoxide or glycol to the first reaction mixture to form a second intermediate reaction mixture;
- c) combining at least a portion of the second intermediate reaction mixture with a solvent and additional reaction promoter to form a third intermediate reaction mixture;
- d) adding a second epoxide to the third intermediate reaction mixture to form a fourth intermediate reaction mixture;
- and
- e) removing the solvent such that the bio-organic composition is recovered.
A bio-organic composition comprising:
- residues of a vegetable oil, the vegetable oil having a first viscosity and a first pour point;
- residues of a first epoxide present in a first epoxide concentration or residues of a first glycol present in a first glycol concentration;
- and
- residues of a second epoxide present in a second epoxide concentration, wherein the first epoxide is the same or different than the second epoxide and wherein the first and second concentrations are such that the bio-organic composition has a viscosity lower that the first viscosity and/or a pour point lower than the first pour point.
An internal combustion engine system comprising:
- a fuel supply system for providing a bio-diesel fuel composition, the bio-diesel fuel composition comprising:
- residues of a vegetable oil, the vegetable oil having a first viscosity and a first pour point;
- residues of a first epoxide present in a first epoxide concentration or the residues of a first glycol present in a first glycol concentration;
- and
- residues of a second epoxide present in a second epoxide concentration, wherein the first epoxide when utilized is the same or different than the second epoxide and wherein the first and second concentrations are such that the bio-organic composition has a viscosity lower than the first viscosity and/or a pour point lower than the first pour point;
- and
- an internal combustion engine in fluid communication with the fuel supply system, the internal combustion engine adapted to combust bio-diesel fuel received from the fuel supply system.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.