Determining formation parameters using electromagnetic coupling components

A method to determine an electromagnetic coupling tensor of a formation traversed by a borehole, at least a portion of the formation having substantially parallel boundaries, the method comprising:

• disposing a tool in the borehole, wherein the tool includes a first transmitter having a first transmitter dipole moment at an angle θT1 with respect to a longitudinal axis of the tool, a second transmitter having a second transmitter dipole moment at an angle θT2 with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tool, and a receiver having a receiver dipole moment at an angle θR with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tool, the first transmitter and the receiver constituting a first transmitter-receiver pair, and the second transmitter and the receiver constituting a second transmitter-receiver pair;
• transmitting an electromagnetic signal from the first transmitter and/or second transmitter while rotating the tool;
• receiving the electromagnetic signal to produce measured signals from the first transmitter-receiver pair and the second transmitter-receiver pair;
• measuring an azimuth angle of tool rotation;
• and
• determining the electromagnetic coupling tensor for the portion of the formation having substantially parallel boundaries based on the measured signals from the first and second transmitter-receiver pairs.

A tool disposed in a borehole penetrating a formation, at least a portion of the formation having substantially parallel boundaries, the tool comprising:

• a single transmitter having a transmitter dipole moment at an angle θT with respect to a longitudinal axis of the tool;
• a single receiver having a receiver dipole moment at an angle θR with respect to the longitudinal axis of the tool;
• and
• a rotational position indicator.