Electrochemical management of pain

An implantable medical device for the treatment of pain comprising a DC power supply in electrical communication with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein said first electrode comprises either no catalyst or an oxidation catalyst and said second electrode comprises a reduction catalyst or a reducible metal salt or metal oxide.

An implantable medical device for the treatment of pain comprising a DC power supply in electrical communication with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein said first electrode and said second electrode are separated by an ion conducting membrane.

An implantable medical device for the treatment of pain comprising an AC power supply in electrical communication with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein each of said first electrode and said second electrode comprise an oxidation catalyst.

An implantable medical device for the treatment of pain comprising (i) a power supply in electrical communication with a first electrode and a second electrode, wherein an oxidant is electrochemically generated at least at the first electrode;

• (ii) a reservoir comprising a solution of an oxidizable agent in fluid communication with the electrochemically generated oxidant, wherein said oxidant oxidizes said oxidizable agent to produce an oxidized agent;
• and (iii) an exit port in fluid communication with said oxidized agent, wherein after implantation said implantable medical device generates oxidized agent in an amount sufficient to treat pain.

A biocompatible implantable matrix comprising (i) glucose oxidase or lactate oxidase;

• and (ii) myeloperoxidase.