# US 2008/0185074 A1 · Preparation of compositions by melt spinning

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- Number: US 2008/0185074 A1
- Document ID: US20080185074A1
- Status: Published application
- Kind: A1
- Application number: 11/703,505
- Filed: 2007-02-06
- Published: 2008-08-07
- Earliest claimed: 2007-02-06
- Assignees: The Regents of the University of California
- Inventors: Ching-Fong Chen; Jason C. Cooley; Kenneth J. McClellan
- Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20080185074A1

## CPC

- C04B 35/5152: {based on halogenides other than fluorides}
- B82Y 30/00: Nanotechnology for materials or surface science, e.g. nanocomposites
- C01F 17/253: Halides
- C01G 1/06: Halides
- C01G 41/00: Compounds of tungsten
- C03B 37/005: Manufacture of flakes
- C03C 3/32: Non-oxide glass compositions, e.g. binary or ternary halides, sulfides or nitrides of germanium, selenium or tellurium
- C03C 14/006: {the non-glass component being in the form of microcrystallites, e.g. of optically or electrically active material}
- C04B 35/62665: {Flame, plasma or melting treatment}
- C01P 2002/54: one element only
- C01P 2002/72: by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
- C01P 2002/88: by thermal analysis data, e.g. TGA, DTA, DSC
- C01P 2004/03: obtained by SEM
- C01P 2004/04: obtained by TEM, STEM, STM or AFM
- C01P 2004/64: Nanometer sized, i.e. from 1-100 nanometer
- C03C 2214/30: Methods of making the composites
- C04B 2235/3224: Rare earth oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. scandium oxide
- C04B 2235/3225: Yttrium oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3227: Lanthanum oxide or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/3229: Cerium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
- C04B 2235/5292: Flakes, platelets or plates
- C04B: LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE {(roofing granules E04D7/005)}; CERAMICS (devitrified glass-ceramics C03C10/00); REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- B82Y: SPECIFIC USES OR APPLICATIONS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MEASUREMENT OR ANALYSIS OF NANOSTRUCTURES; MANUFACTURE OR TREATMENT OF NANOSTRUCTURES
- C01F: COMPOUNDS OF THE METALS BERYLLIUM, MAGNESIUM, ALUMINIUM, CALCIUM, STRONTIUM, BARIUM, RADIUM, THORIUM, OR OF THE RARE-EARTH METALS (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts of peroxyacids C01B15/00; sulfides or polysulfides of magnesium, calcium, strontium, or barium C01B17/42; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds other than ammonia or cyanogen containing nitrogen and non-metals and optionally metals C01B21/082; amides or imides of silicon C01B21/087}; metal {imides or} amides C01B21/092, {C01B21/0923}; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanic acid C01C3/14; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20; {double sulfates of magnesium with sodium or potassium C01D5/12; with other alkali metals C01D15/00, C01D17/00})
- C01G: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING METALS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C01D OR C01F (metal hydrides {monoborane, diborane or addition complexes thereof} C01B6/00; salts of oxyacids of halogens C01B11/00; peroxides, salts or peroxyacids C01B15/00; thiosulfates, dithionites, polythionates C01B17/64; compounds containing selenium, or tellurium C01B19/00; binary compounds of nitrogen with metals C01B21/06; azides C01B21/08; {compounds containing nitrogen, other non-metals and metal C01B21/082}; metal amides C01B21/092; nitrites C01B21/50; {compounds of noble gases C01B23/0005}; phosphides C01B25/08; salts of oxyacids of phosphorus C01B25/16; carbides C01B32/90; compounds containing silicon C01B33/00; compounds containing boron C01B35/00; compounds having molecular sieve properties but not having base-exchange properties C01B37/00; compounds having molecular sieve and base-exchange properties, e.g. crystalline zeolites, C01B39/00; cyanides C01C3/08; salts of cyanamide C01C3/16; thiocyanates C01C3/20)
- C03B: MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03C: CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C01P: INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS

## Abstract

Inorganic compositions were prepared by melt spinning. An inorganic melt was sent to a spinning wheel. As the melt contacts the wheel, it cools and is converted into a solid composition. A melt prepared from lanthanum halide powder and cerium halide powder was converted to a scintillator product of nanoparticles embedded in a glassy matrix.

## Claims

### Claim 1

A process for preparing a composition, comprising:
sending an inorganic melt to a spinning wheel, whereby the melt cools after it contacts the wheel and is converted into a product that comprises nanoparticles embedded in a glassy matrix.

### Claim 2 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the step of sending the inorganic melt to a spinning wheel further comprises sending the inorganic melt through a narrow nozzle.

### Claim 3 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the product comprises a scintillator.

### Claim 4 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the inorganic melt is sent to the spinning wheel under an inert atmosphere that comprises argon, nitrogen, helium, or mixtures thereof.

### Claim 5 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the inorganic melt is sent to the spinning wheel in a continuous process.

### Claim 6 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the inorganic melt is sent to the spinning wheel in a batch type process.

### Claim 7 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the inorganic melt comprises Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, B, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, At, Al, Si, P, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 8 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the inorganic melt comprises an oxide, a nitride, an oxynitride, a sulfide, a phosphide, a selenide, a carbide, an oxycarbide, a boride, a halide, an oxyhalide, an organometallic compound, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 9 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, further comprising forming an inorganic melt from a powder mixture comprising lanthanum halide and rare earth material.

### Claim 10 (depends on 9)

The process of claim 9, wherein the weight ratio of lanthanum halide powder to rare earth material is in a range of from about 10,000:1 to about 1:100.

### Claim 11 (depends on 8)

The process of claim 8, wherein the lanthanum halide comprises lanthanum fluoride, lanthanum chloride, lanthanum bromide, lanthanum iodide, or mixtures thereof.

### Claim 12 (depends on 1)

The process of claim 1, wherein the solid composition is of the formula M1-xBr3-yCly:Qx, wherein M is a lanthanide or an actinide, wherein x is less than or equal to one, wherein Q is a rare earth element, and wherein y is less than or equal to 3.

### Claim 13 (depends on 12)

The process of claim 12, wherein M is chosen from yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium, lutetium, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 14 (depends on 12)

The process of claim 12, wherein Q is chosen from cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, and praseodymium.

### Claim 15

A product prepared by a process that comprises sending an inorganic melt to a spinning wheel that cools the melt after the melt contacts the spinning wheel, whereby the melt is converted into a product that comprises nanoparticles of a composition embedded in a glassy matrix of essentially the same composition.

### Claim 16 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein said product comprises a scintillator.

### Claim 17 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein said product is of the formula M1-xBr3-yCly:Qx, wherein M is a lanthanide or an actinide, wherein x is less than one, wherein Q is a rare earth element, and wherein y is less than or equal to 3.

### Claim 18 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein M is chosen from yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium, lutetium, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 19 (depends on 17)

The product of claim 17, wherein Q is chosen from cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, and praseodymium.

### Claim 20 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein the product comprises Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr, Be, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Ra, B, C, N, O, F, Cl, Br, I, At, Al, Si, P, S, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, In, Sn, Sb, Te, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Ir, Pt, Au, Hg, Tl, Pb, Bi, Po, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 21 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein said product comprises a halide, an oxide, a nitride, an oxynitride, a sulfide, a phosphide, a selenide, a carbide, an oxycarbide, a boride, a halide, an oxyhalide, an organometallic compound, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 22 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein said product comprises CeBr3, YAlO3:Ce, LuAlO3:Ce, Bi4Ge3O12, PbWO4, CdWO4, Lu2SiO5:Ce, Y2SiO5:Ce, MgF2:Ce, CaF2:Ce, BaF2:Ce, LaCl3:Ce, K2LaCl5:Ce, LaBr3:Ce, RbGd2Br3:Ce, Csl:Na, Csl, Csl:Tl, Nal:Tl, ZnS:Ag, or combinations thereof.

### Claim 23 (depends on 15)

The product of claim 15, wherein said product comprises nanoparticles.

### Claim 24

A composition that consists essentially of nanoparticles of a composition embedded in a glassy matrix of essentially the same composition as that of the nanoparticles.

### Claim 25 (depends on 23)

The composition of claim 23, wherein said composition is of the formula M1-xBr3-yCly:Qx, wherein M is a lanthanide or an actinide, wherein x is less than or equal to one, wherein y is less than or equal to 3.

### Claim 26 (depends on 23)

The composition of claim 23, wherein M is chosen from yttrium, lanthanum, gadolinium, lutetium, and combinations thereof.

### Claim 27 (depends on 23)

The composition of claim 23, wherein Q is chosen from cerium, samarium, europium, terbium, and praseodymium.