A composite material constituted by a matrix constituted by a microporous solid material having pores with a mean size less than one nanometer or by a mesoporous solid material having pores with a mean size in the range 1 nm to 100 nm, and by nanoparticles of metal or of metal oxide, the material being wherein the material of the matrix is either disordered, or ordered, and optionally oriented, and wherein:
- the nanoparticles are monodisperse in size and represent 50% to 67% of the total pore volume of the matrix material, when said matrix material is ordered and optionally oriented;
- and
- the nanoparticles are either monodisperse in size, or are of size identical to the size of the pores of the matrix material, and they represent at least 50% of the initial volume of the pores of the matrix material when said matrix material is disordered.