Additives for fuel cell layers
AssigneeGM Global Technology Operations LLC
InventorsTimothy J. Fuller, Michael R. Schoeneweiss, Tao Xie, Frank Coms, Sean M. MacKinnon, Gerald W. Fly
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Abstract
A fuel cell comprising: a first layer comprising a first ionomer and an additive, the additive comprising a metal oxide comprising an oxide at least one of of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and wherein the additive is present in at least 0.1 weight percent of the ionomer is disclosed as one embodiment of the invention, and performance and durability are advantaged wherein one or all of the metal oxide consists essentially nanoparticles.
Claims77
A product comprising:
- a polyelectrolyte membrane comprising an ionomer and an additive, the additive comprising at least one of PtO2, CoO or Co2O3.
A product comprising:
- a polyelectrolyte membrane comprising an ionomer and an additive, the additive comprising CeO2 and at least one of CoO, Co2O3, VO, VO2, V2O3, V2O5, MoO3 or MoO2.
A product comprising:
- a polyelectrolyte membrane comprising an ionomer and an additive mixture comprising a first additive comprising at least one of NiO2 or CrO2, and a second additive comprising at least one of RuO2, WO3, PtO2 or SnO2.
A product comprising:
- a fuel cell electrode comprising a catalyst, an ionomer, and an additive, the additive comprising at least one of VO2, V2O3, V2O5, CeO2, CoO, Co2O3, NiO2, CrO2, MoO2, MoO3 or CrO3.
A product comprising:
- a fuel cell electrode comprising a catalyst, an ionomer and an additive comprising CeO2 and at least one of CoO, Co2O3, VO, VO2, V2O3, V2O5, MoO2 or MoO3.
A product comprising:
- a fuel cell electrode comprising a catalyst, an ionomer and an additive mixture comprising a first additive comprising at least one of NiO2 or CrO2, and a second additive comprising at least one of RuO2, WO3, PtO2 or SnO2.
A product comprising:
- a first layer comprising a first ionomer and an additive, the additive comprising a metal oxide, the metal oxide having a metal oxide purity ranging from 90-100 percent pure, the metal oxide comprising an oxide of at least one of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and wherein the additive is present in at least 0.1 weight percent of the ionomer.
A process comprising:
- forming a dispersion comprising a first ionomer, an additive, and at least one of an alcohol or water;
- casting and drying the dispersion to form a dried first layer comprising the first ionomer and additive, the additive comprising a metal oxide having a metal oxide purity ranging from 90-100 percent pure, the metal oxide comprising an oxide of at least one of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and the additive being present in at least one weight percent of the dried first layer.
A product comprising:
- a first layer portion comprising a first ionomer and a first additive, the first additive comprising a metal oxide comprising an oxide of at least one of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and wherein the first additive is present in at least 0.1 weight percent of the ionomer,
- a second layer portion comprising a second ionomer and a second additive, the second additive comprising a metal oxide comprising an oxide of at least one of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and wherein the second additive is present in at least 0.1 weight percent of the ionomer, and wherein the first additive comprises a metal oxide different from the metal oxide of the second additive.
A product comprising:
- a first layer comprising a first ionomer and an additive, the additive comprising a metal oxide comprising an oxide of at least one of Ce, Mn, V, Pt, Ru, Zr, Ni, Cr, W, Co, Mo, or Sn, and wherein the additive is present in at least 0.1 weight percent of the ionomer and the additive consists essentially of nanoparticles.
A product as set forth in cliam 18 wherein the additive consists essentially of nanoparticles.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.