Optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus and optical disc recording and reproducing method

An optical disc recording and reproducing apparatus which records data onto an optical disc and reproduces the data by a PRML scheme, comprising:

• a recording waveform generating unit for generating a recording waveform for recording the data onto the optical disc;
• a reproducing unit for reproducing the data recorded on the optical disc to generate reproduction data;
• a defect determining unit for determining whether or not a defect is included in a reproduction signal of the optical disc;
• a reproduction state determining unit for determining whether or not a reproduction state of the reproducing unit is stable;
• and
• a recording learning unit for performing recording learning for determining, on the basis of the reproduction data, a parameter of a recording waveform generated by the recording waveform generating unit,
• wherein the recording learning unit performs the recording learning on the basis of the reproduction data acquired when no defect is included in the reproduction signal and the reproduction state is stable.