Methods for measuring sample resistance in electroporation
AssigneeBio-Rad Laboratories, Inc.
InventorCharles W. Ragsdale
Life of this patent
Estimating the term…
Abstract
Systems and methods of measuring resistances of samples to be electroporated and utilizing the measured resistances in the electroporation are provided. During an electrical pulse sent to the sample, a time and a corresponding voltage drop on a known capacitance is measured to determine the sample resistance. A constant voltage may be assumed, and the voltage drop across a known resistance in series with the sample resistance is used to determine the sample resistance. Based on the value of the sample resistance, an electrical pulse may be altered by changing a value of a parallel resistance.
Claims24
A method of determining an estimate of a resistance RS of a sample load in an electroporation system, the method comprising:
- determining a capacitance C of one or more capacitors;
- transmitting an electrical pulse from the capacitors to the sample load;
- measuring an initial voltage VI on the capacitors;
- measuring a second voltage V2 on the capacitors, wherein measuring V2 occurs at a time T1 after measuring VI;
- and
- calculating a first estimate of RS based on C, VI, V2, and T1.
A method of determining an estimate of a resistance RS of a sample load in an electroporation system, the method comprising:
- determining a capacitance C of one or more capacitors;
- determining a resistance R1 of one or more resistive elements connected in series with the sample load;
- transmitting an electrical pulse from the capacitors to the sample load and to the resistive elements;
- measuring a voltage VC on the capacitors;
- measuring a second voltage V2 that results from a voltage drop after at least one of the sample load and the resistive elements;
- and
- calculating a first estimate of RS based on C, R1, VC, and V2.
A method of altering an electrical pulse transmitted to a sample load, the method comprising:
- obtaining a first estimate of a resistance RS of the sample load;
- setting a variable resistance device to have a first resistive value, wherein the variable resistance device is connected in parallel with the sample load;
- transmitting the electrical pulse to the sample load and to the variable resistance device;
- obtaining a second estimate of RS;
- and
- setting, based on the second estimate, the variable resistance device to have a second resistive value, thereby altering the transmitted electrical pulse.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.