Non-invasive method and device to monitor cardiac parameters without use of electrical-mechanical interval

A system for monitoring cardiac parameters comprising:

• a calibration unit for calibrating a stroke volume as denoted by SV and mean arterial pressure as denoted by MAP in a minimally invasive manner;
• a non-invasive cardiac parameter measuring unit connected to said calibration unit for non-invasively measuring from a subject a plurality of predetermined non-invasive cardiac parameters including the SV, the MAP, a cardiac period as denoted by T, a diastolic filling interval from the opening to the closing of the mitral valve as denoted by DI and an ejection interval as denoted by EI;
• a conversion unit connected to said non-invasive cardiac parameter measuring unit for converting the non-invasive cardiac parameters into a plurality of invasive cardiac analogues including preload as denoted by P, afterload as denoted by A and contractility as denoted by C based in a monotonically increasing manner one-to-one and onto manner;
• and
• a display unit connected to said conversion unit for displaying a vector indicative of a hemodynamic state.

A method of monitoring cardiac parameters, comprising the steps of:

• measuring in a substantially non-invasive manner from a subject a plurality of predetermined non-invasive cardiac parameters including a stroke volume as denoted by SV, mean arterial pressure as denoted by MAP, a cardiac period as denoted by T, a diastolic filling interval from the opening to the closing of the mitral valve as denoted by DI and an ejection interval as denoted by EI;
• converting the non-invasive cardiac parameters into a plurality of invasive cardiac analogues including preload as denoted by P, afterload as denoted by A and contractility as denoted by C in a monotonically increasing manner one-to-one and onto manner;
• and
• displaying a vector indicating a hemodynamic state.

A system for monitoring cardiac parameters comprising:

• a non-invasive cardiac parameter measuring unit for measuring in a substantially non-invasive manner from a subject a plurality of predetermined non-invasive cardiac parameters including a stroke volume as denoted by SV, mean arterial pressure as denoted by MAP, a cardiac period as denoted by T, a diastolic filling interval from the opening to the closing of the mitral valve as denoted by DI and an ejection interval as denoted by EI;
• a conversion unit connected to said non-invasive cardiac parameter measuring unit for converting the non-invasive cardiac parameters into a plurality of invasive cardiac analogues including preload as denoted by P, afterload as denoted by A and contractility as denoted by C based in a monotonically increasing manner one-to-one and onto manner;
• and
• a display unit connected to said conversion unit for displaying a vector indicative of a hemodynamic state.

A method of detecting myocardial ischemia in a patient based upon non-invasively measured parameters, comprising the steps of:

• calibrating a stroke volume as denoted by SV and mean arterial pressure as denoted by MAP in a minimally invasive manner for the patient;
• non-invasively measuring from the patient a plurality of predetermined non-invasive cardiac parameters including the MAP, the SV, a cardiac period as denoted by T, a diastolic filling interval from the opening to the closing of the mitral valve as denoted by DI and an ejection interval as denoted by EI;
• approximating the rate of change in volume with respect to the rate of change in pressure in the left ventricle (dV/dP) by the change in LV volume divided by the change in LV pressure during diastolic filling (ΔV/ΔP);
• and
• evaluating the ΔV/ΔP by the non-invasively measured cardiac parameters;
• and
• detecting ischemia in the patient based upon the evaluated ΔV/ΔP.

A system for detecting myocardial ischemia in a patient based upon non-invasively measured parameters, comprising:

• a calibration unit for calibrating a stroke volume as denoted by SV and mean arterial pressure as denoted by MAP in a minimally invasive manner for the patient;
• a non-invasively measuring unit connected to said calibration unit for non-invasively measuring from the patient a plurality of predetermined non-invasive cardiac parameters including the MAP, the SV, a cardiac period as denoted by T, a diastolic filling interval from the opening to the closing of the mitral valve as denoted by DI and an ejection interval as denoted by EI;
• and
• a determination unit connected to said non-invasively measuring unit for approximating the rate of change in volume with respect to the rate of change in pressure in the left ventricle (dV/dP) by the change in LV volume divided by the change in LV pressure during diastolic filling (ΔV/ΔP) to evaluating the ΔV/ΔP by the non-invasively measured cardiac parameters, said determination unit detecting ischemia in the patient based upon the evaluated ΔV/ΔP.

A method of quantifying a subject's ability to effect perfusion homeostasis through the physiologic modulation of myocardial contractility, comprising of the steps of:

• measuring beat-to-beat SV/EI data over time in a substantially non-invasive manner;
• obtaining a running average of the beat-to-beat SV/EI data, where the number of beats in the running average equals the number of beats in one respiratory cycle or at least two consecutive respiratory cycles;
• determining variations in the SV/EI data with respect to the running averaged SV/EI data;
• determining an average of the variations and a standard deviation of the variations to generate a contractile function metric;
• and
• determining based upon the contractile function metric as to whether or not the subject experiences myocardial contractile decompensation.

A system for quantifying a subject's ability to effect perfusion homeostasis through the physiologic modulation of myocardial contractility, comprising:

• a measuring unit for measuring beat-to-beat SV/EI data over time in a substantially non-invasive manner;
• a determination unit connected to said measuring unit obtaining a running average of the beat-to-beat SV/EI data, where the number of beats in the running average equals the number of beats in one respiratory cycle or at least two consecutive respiratory cycles, said determination unit determining variations in the SV/EI data with respect to the running averaged SV/EI data and an average of the variations and a standard deviation of the variations to generate a contractile function metric;
• and
• a display unit connected to said determination unit for displaying the contractile function metric for determining whether or not the subject experiences myocardial contractile decompensation.