New class of amine coinitiators in photoinitiated polymerizations
OwnerJohn Santobianco, Chau Nguyen +1inventors
InventorsJohn Santobianco, Chau Nguyen, Charles Brady
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Abstract
A new class of amines is incorporated into photopolymerizable systems employing type I or type II photoinitiators. These amines are trialkylamines having a total of 10 to about 36 carbon atoms in the molecule and wherein at least one alkyl group has a chain length of at least 8 carbon atoms. Preferably, one or two of the alkyl groups are methyl or ethyl or one of each. Short chain amines as defined herein provide synergistic results when used with such trialkylamines.
Claims24
A photopolymerizable composition which comprises:
- a) at least one photopolymerizable monomer;
- b) at least one photopolymerization initiator;
- c) at least one purified long chain trialkylamine wherein at least 2 of the alkyl groups of said long chain trialkylamine are methyl groups, and the third alkyl group is selected from alkyl groups containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, said purified long chain trialkylamines comprising less than about 20 ppm of dimethylamine (“DMA”), less than about 2 ppm trimethylamine (“TMA”) and less than about 20 ppm of N-methylimine;
- and
- d) optionally, at least one short chain tertiary amino compound containing at least two electronegative atoms in the molecule, at least one of which is a tertiary nitrogen atom and another of which is an oxygen atom or a tertiary nitrogen atom, and wherein the electronegative atoms are bonded only to short chain alkyl groups or to short chain alkylene groups, and wherein the short chain tertiary amino compound has a total of at least 4 abstractable hydrogen atoms in positions alpha to at least some of the electronegative atoms in the short chain tertiary amino compound.
A method of forming a photopolymerized composition or article, which method comprises exposing a photopolymerizable composition comprising at least one photopolymerizable monomer;
- at least one photopolymerization initiator;
- at least one purified long chain trialkylamine wherein at least 2 of the alkyl groups of said long chain trialkylamine are methyl groups, and the third alkyl group is selected from alkyl groups containing from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms, and mixtures thereof, said purified long chain trialkylamines comprising less than about 20 ppm of dimethylamine (“DMA”), less than about 2 ppm trimethylamine (“TMA”) and less than about 20 ppm of N-methylimine;
- and at least one short chain tertiary amino compound containing at least two electronegative atoms in the molecule, at least one of which is a tertiary nitrogen atom and another of which is an oxygen atom or a tertiary nitrogen atom, and wherein the electronegative atoms are bonded only to short chain alkyl groups or to short chain alkylene groups, and wherein the short chain tertiary amino compound has a total of at least 4 abstractable hydrogen atoms in positions alpha to at least some of the electronegative atoms in the short chain tertiary amino compound.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.