Titanium dioxide nanoparticles and nanoparticle suspensions and methods of making the same

A method of manufacturing titanium dioxide nanoparticles, comprising:

• (i) reacting an inorganic titanium compound with water or ice to form a titanyl solution comprising at least 1.2 M of a titanyl compound;
• (ii) providing a dispersing agent comprising a plurality of organic molecules that have at least one functional group capable of binding to the titanyl compound, wherein the dispersing agent is not a monofunctional alcohol;
• (iii) adding the dispersing agent and sufficient solvent to the titanyl solution to dilute the concentration of the titanyl compound to between about 0.2 M and about 1.2 M;
• (iv) forming a plurality of titanium dioxide nanoparticles by maintaining the diluted titanyl solution at a temperature between about 15° C. and about 155° C.

A method of manufacturing titanium dioxide nanoparticles, comprising:

• (i) reacting an inorganic titanium compound with water or ice to form a titanyl solution having a concentration of a titanyl compound greater than about 1.2 M;
• (ii) providing a dispersing agent comprising a plurality of organic molecules that have at least one functional group capable of binding to the titanyl compound, wherein the at least one functional group is selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl, a carbonyl, an amide, an amine, a thiol, a sulfonic acid, sulfonyl halide, an acyl halide, and combinations thereof;
• (iii) adding the dispersing agent and sufficient solvent to the titanyl solution to dilute the concentration of the titanyl compound to between about 0.2 M and about 1.2 M;
• (iv) forming titanium dioxide nanoparticles by maintaining the diluted titanyl solution at a temperature between about 15° C. and about 155° C.