Toner processes
AssigneeXerox Corporation
InventorsRaj Patel, Mike Hawkins, Paul Gerroir, Richard Veregin
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A process including mixing a sulfonated polyester resin, a colorant, and a coagulant; heating the resulting sulfonated polyester mixture; adding a polymetal halide and an anionic latex to form coated toner particles; and heating the coated toner particles is disclosed.
Claims30
A process comprising:
- mixing a sulfonated polyester resin, a colorant, and a coagulant;
- heating the resulting sulfonated polyester mixture;
- adding a polymetal halide and an anionic latex to form coated toner particles;
- and
- heating the coated toner particles.
The process of claim 1, wherein the sulfonated polyester resin is selected from the group consisting of poly(1,2-propylene-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate), poly(neopentylene-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate), poly(diethylene-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate), copoly(1,2-propylene-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate)-copoly-(1,2-propylene-terephthalate-phthalate), copoly(1,2-propylene-diethylene sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate)-copoly-(1,2-propylene-diethylene-terephthalate-phthalate), copoly(ethylene-neopentylene-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate)-copoly-(ethylene-neopentylene-terephthalate-phthalate ), copoly(propoxylated bisphenol A)-copoly-(propoxylated bisphenol A-sodio 5-sulfoisophthalate), crystalline sulfonated polyester resin, and branched sulfonated polyester resin.
The process of claim 1, wherein the colorant is selected from the group consisting of dyes, pigments, and mixtures thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein the coagulant is selected from the group consisting of aluminum chloride, zinc sulfate, magnesium sulfate, potassium-aluminum sulfate, sodium chloride, sodium bromide, sodium iodide, sodium fluoride, sodium acetate, sodium acetoacetate, lithium chloride, lithium bromide, lithium iodide, lithium fluoride, lithium acetate, lithium acetoacetate, potassium chloride, potassium bromide, potassium iodide, potassium fluoride, acetate, potassium acetoacetate, rubidium bromide, rubidium chloride, rubidium iodide, rubidium fluoride, rubidium acetate, rubidium acetoacetate, cesium bromide, cesium chloride, cesium iodide, cesium fluoride, cesium acetate, cesium acetoacetate, beryllium bromide, beryllium chloride, beryllium iodide, beryllium fluoride, beryllium acetate, beryllium acetoacetate, magnesium bromide, magnesium chloride, magnesium iodide, magnesium fluoride, magnesium acetate, magnesium acetoacetate, calcium bromide, barium bromide, barium chloride, barium iodide, barium fluoride, barium acetate, barium acetoacetate, strontium bromide, strontium chloride, strontium iodide, strontium fluoride, strontium acetate, strontium acetoacetate, zinc bromide, zinc chloride, zinc iodide, zinc fluoride, zinc acetate, zinc acetoacetate, copper bromide, copper chloride, copper iodide, copper fluoride, copper acetate, copper acetoacetate, manganese bromide, manganese chloride, manganese iodide, manganese fluoride, manganese acetate, manganese acetoacetate, chromium bromide, chromium chloride, chromium iodide, chromium fluoride, chromium acetate, chromium acetoacetate, iron bromide, iron chloride, iron iodide, iron fluoride, iron acetate, iron acetoacetate, vanadyl bromide, vanadyl chloride, vanadyl iodide, vanadyl fluoride, vanadyl acetate, and vanadyl acetoacetate.
The process of claim 1, wherein a first portion of the coagulant is added at a temperature of about 20° C. to about 35° C.
The process of claim 1, further comprising after heating the sulfonated polyester toner particles reducing the pH to about 4.
The process of claim 1, wherein the polymetal halide is selected from the group consisting of polyaluminum chloride and polyaluminum sulfo silicate.
The process of claim 1, wherein the anionic latex comprises a vinyl polymer resin selected from the group consisting of poly(styrene/butadiene), poly(p-methyl styrene/butadiene), poly(m-methyl styrene/butadiene), poly(α-methyl styrene/butadiene), poly(methyl methacrylate/butadiene), poly(ethyl methacrylate/butadiene), poly(propyl methacrylate/butadiene), poly(butyl methacrylate/butadiene), poly(methyl acrylate/butadiene), poly(ethyl acrylate/butadiene), poly(propyl acrylate/butadien.e), poly(butyl acrylate/butadiene), poly(styrene/isoprene), poly(p-methyl styrene/isoprene), poly(m-methyl styrene/isoprene), poly(α-methyl styrene/isoprene), poly(methyl methacrylate/isoprene), poly(ethyl methacrylate/isoprene), poly(propyl methacrylate/isoprene), poly(butyl methacrylate/isoprene), poly(methyl acrylate/isoprene), poly(ethyl acrylate/isoprene), poly(propyl acrylate/isoprene), poly(butylacrylate-isoprene), poly(styrene/n-butyl acrylate/acrylic acid), poly(styrene/n-butyl methacrylate/acrylic acid), poly(styrene/n-butyl methacrylate/β-carboxyethyl acrylate), poly(styrene/n-butyl acrylate/β-carboxyethyl acrylate) poly(styrene/butadiene/methacrylic acid), poly(styrene/n-butyl acrylate/styrene sulfonate sodium salt/acrylic acid), and mixtures thereof.
The process of claim 1, wherein the coated toner particles are negatively charged.
The process of claim 1, wherein the first heating is below the Tg of the sulfonated polyester resin and the second heating is above the Tg of the sulfonated polyester resin.
The process of claim 1, wherein the coated toner particles are heated to a temperature of about 50° C. to about 65° C.
The process of claim 1, wherein the heating of the coated toner particles fuses the vinyl polymer resin onto a surface of the toner particles.
The process of claim 1, wherein the colorant is a cyan pigment and wherein the vinyl polymer resin is styrene acrylate carboxylic acid.
A process comprising:
- mixing a colorant, a sulfonated polyester resin, and a coagulant to form toner particles having a particle size of from about 1 to about 5 microns;
- heating the resulting sulfonated polyester toner particles;
- adding a polymetal halide and an anionic latex comprising a vinyl polymer resin;
- and
- fusing the vinyl polymer resin to a surface of the toner particles by heating.
A process comprising:
- mixing a sulfonated polyester toner particle with a coagulant to form a core toner particle;
- and
- adding a polymetal halide onto a surface of the core toner particle to form a coated toner particle.
A process comprising:
- mixing a sulfonated polyester resin, a colorant, and a first portion of a coagulant;
- heating the mixture;
- and
- adding a second portion of the coagulant to form sulfonated polyester toner particles.
A process comprising:
- mixing a sulfonated polyester resin, a colorant, a wax and a coagulant;
- heating the resulting sulfonated polyester toner particles;
- adding a polymetal halide and an anionic latex to form coated toner particles;
- and
- heating the coated toner particles .
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.