Hydroxyl-Containing Surfactants with Low Surface Tension and Their Use Thereof
AssigneeGoldschmidt GmbH
InventorsPetra Hinrichs, Kathrin Lehmann, Isabella Ulrich-Brehm, Bernd Weyershausen
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The invention provides hydroxyl-containing surfactants with low surface tension and provides for their use as surfactants in aqueous coating formulations, the surfactants being preparable by reacting one or more epoxides of formula (I) with at least one hydroxy compound of formula (II) and/or at least one, or two or more, amine(s) of formula (III) reacted in preferably either approximately equivalent amounts of hydroxy and/or amino groups with epoxide groups, or with an excess of hydroxy or amine hydrogen atoms, respectively.
Claims19
A hydroxyl-containing surfactant compound obtained by reacting one or more epoxides of formula (I)
- in which
- R1 is a branched or unbranched, aromatic or nonaromatic, saturated or unsaturated residue with or without heteroatom substituents and containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms and
- X is an oxygen or a carboxyl group
- with at least one hydroxy compound of formula (II)
- where
- Y is either OH or NR8R9, in which
- R8 and R9 independently of one another can be H or branched or unbranched alkyl residues optionally containing one or more hydroxyl groups,
- or R8 and R9 may together form a substituted or unsubstituted 5- or 6-membered ring with or without heteroatoms, or
- Y is a branched or unbranched, saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon residue with or without heteroatom substituents,
- with the proviso that in formula (II a) there are on average ≧1 and in formula (II b) ≧2 epoxy-reactive hydrogen atoms in the molecule,
- R2 and R3 independently of one another are branched or unbranched, aromatic or nonaromatic residues with or without heteroatom substituents, with or without one or more double and/or triple bonds, with or without (poly)oxyalkylene units, preferably oxyethylene and oxypropylene units, and containing 1 to 30 carbon atoms.
An ether alcohol of the general formulae (IV) and (V)
- in which
- X is an oxygen or a carboxyl group,
- R1 is an unbranched or branched, aromatic or nonaromatic, unsaturated or saturated residue with or without heteroatom substituents and containing 1 to 30,
- R2 and R3 independently of one another are an unbranched or branched, aromatic or nonaromatic residue with or without heteroatom substituents, with or without one or more double and/or triple bonds, with or without (poly)oxyalkylene units, preferably oxyethylene and oxypropylene units, and containing 1 to 30,
- R6 are any residues from the group of unbranched or branched, unsaturated or saturated residues with or without heteroatom substituents,
- m is 1 to 2, and
- n is 2 to 3.
An amino alcohol of the general formulae (VI) and
- in which
- X is an oxygen or a carboxyl group,
- R1 is an unbranched or branched, aromatic or nonaromatic, unsaturated or saturated residue with or without heteroatom substituents and containing 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, more preferably 3 to 9 carbon atoms,
- R4 and R5 independently of one another are an unbranched or branched, unsaturated or saturated, aromatic or nonaromatic residue with or without heteroatom substituents, with or without (poly)oxyalkylene units, preferably oxyethylene and oxypropylene units, and containing 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 20, carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 8 carbon atoms,
- R7 are any residues from the group of unbranched or branched, unsaturated or saturated residues with or without heteroatom substituents,
- o is 1 or 2,
- p is 1 to 2, preferably >1.5 to 2, and in particular approximately 2,
- q is either 0 or corresponds to the number of —NH— groups in R4 from formula (VI),
- r is 1 or 2,
- s is 2 to 3, preferably >2.5 to 3 and in particular approximately 3,
- t is either 0 or corresponds to the number of —NH— groups in R5 from formula (VII).
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.