Solid polymer electrolyte, proton conductive membrane, electrode electrolyte, electrode paste and membrane-electrode assembly

A polymer electrolyte, which comprises a copolymer comprising constituent units with a protonic acid group represented by Formula (1) below and constituent units without a protonic acid group represented by Formula (6) below:

• Ar1—Y—Ar2—Y (1)
• wherein Ar1 is a binding unit represented by Formula (2) below;
• Ar2 is a binding unit represented by Formula (3) below;
• and Y is an oxygen or a sulfur atom;
• wherein X is a divalent electron-withdrawing group;
• n is an integer of from 0 to 4;
• p and q are each an integer of from 0 to 4 (with the proviso that p+q≧1);
• Rs are each a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, an aryl group or a nitrile group;
• and As are each a group represented by Formula (5a) or (5b) below;
• wherein Z is a direct bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO2—, —[C(R′)2]g— (wherein R′ is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group or an aryl group, and g is an integer of from 1 to 8) or a binding unit represented by any of Formulae (4a) to (4d) below;
• m is an integer of from 0 to 4;
• t and u are each an integer of from 0 to 4;
• and Rs and As are as defined in Formula (2);
• wherein f is an integer of from 0 to 4;
• h, k and l are each an integer of from 0 to 5;
• and Rs and As are as defined in Formula (2);
• wherein W is a divalent electron-withdrawing group;
• S is a protonic acid group;
• i is an integer of from 1 to 5;
• j is an integer of from 1 to 7;
• and Rs are as defined in Formula (2);
• Ar3—Y—Ar4—Y (6)
• wherein Ar3 is a binding unit represented by Formula (7) below;
• Ar4 is a binding unit represented by Formula (8) below;
• and Y is an oxygen or a sulfur atom;
• wherein X is a divalent electron-withdrawing group;
• r is an integer of from 0 to 4;
• and R1 to R8 are the same or different from one another and are each a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, an aryl group or a nitrile group;
• wherein Q is a direct bond, —O—, —S—, —CO—, —SO2—, —[C(R′)2]g— (wherein R′ is a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group or an aryl group, and g is an integer of from 1 to 8) or a binding unit represented by any of Formulae (9a) to (9d) below;
• s is an integer of from 0 to 4;
• and R9 to R16 are the same or different from one another and are each a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, an aryl group or a nitrile group;
• wherein R17 to R44 are the same or different from one another and are each a hydrogen atom, a fluorine atom, an alkyl group, a fluorine-substituted alkyl group, an aryl group or a nitrile group.