System and method of nox abatement

A method of NOX abatement, comprising:

• storing engine NOX from an exhaust stream in a initial NOX adsorber (18) during a storage phase;
• forming reformate comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide in an off-line reformer (24) during a regeneration phase;
• reacting the reformate with the stored NOX to produce greater than or equal to about 5,000 ppm ammonia during the regeneration phase;
• and
• storing the ammonia in a selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) during the regeneration phase.

A NOX abatement system, comprising:

• an in-line selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) capable of being disposed in fluid communication with an engine (12), wherein the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) is capable of storing ammonia;
• an off-line reformer (24) in fluid communication with the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20), wherein the reformer (24) is capable of producing a reformate (24) comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide;
• and
• an off-line reactor (44) in fluid communication with and downstream of the reformer (24), wherein the reactor (44) comprises an ammonia forming catalyst.

A method of NOX abatement, comprising:

• burning fuel off-line to form burner NOX;
• forming a reformate comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide, off-line;
• reacting the burner NOX with the reformate to form ammonia, off-line;
• storing the ammonia in an in-line selective catalytic reduction catalyst;
• introducing engine NOX to the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20);
• and reacting the engine NOX with the ammonia.

A NOX abatement system, comprising:

• an off-line membrane (70) capable of inhibiting passage of oxygen through the membrane (70);
• an off-line reformer (82) disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with the membrane (70) and a fuel source (26), wherein the reformer (24) is capable of producing ammonia from fuel and nitrogen;
• and
• an in-line selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) disposed downstream of and in fluid communication the reformer (82), wherein the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) is capable of storing ammonia and capable of receiving NOX from an engine (12).

A method of NOX abatement, comprising:

• passing air having an initial nitrogen concentration through a membrane (70) to form a membrane effluent having a subsequent nitrogen concentration, wherein the subsequent nitrogen concentration is greater than the initial concentration;
• mixing the membrane effluent and a fuel (26) in a mixing chamber disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with a reformer (82);
• introducing the mixed air and fuel into the reformer (82) to produce a reformate comprising ammonia;
• periodically introducing the ammonia to a selective catalytic reductive catalyst (20) to regenerate the catalyst;
• and
• reacting the ammonia stored in the selective catalytic reductive catalyst (20) with NOX in an exhaust fluid.

A NOX abatement system, comprising:

• an in-line non-thermal plasma reactor (86) capable of being disposed downstream of and in fluid communication with an engine (12);
• an in-line selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20) disposed downstream of and in direct fluid communication with the non-thermal plasma reactor (86);
• and
• an off-line reformer (24) disposed upstream of and in fluid communication with the selective catalytic reduction catalyst (20).

A method of NOX abatement, comprising:

• introducing an engine exhaust stream to a non-thermal plasma reactor (86);
• reacting NOX in the exhaust stream to form a non-thermal plasma reactor effluent having a ratio of NO to NO2 of about 1:0.6 to about 1:1.5 at temperatures of less than or equal to about 200° C.;
• forming reformate comprising primarily hydrogen and carbon monoxide;
• introducing the non-thermal plasma reactor effluent and the reformate to a selective reduction catalyst;
• and
• reducing the NOX to nitrogen.