US 2006/0142870 A1 · Modular total ankle prosthesis apparatuses, systems and methods, and systems and methods for bone resection and prosthetic implantation

Abstract

Ankle prosthesis apparatuses, systems and methods are provided as disclosed herein. Additionally, systems and methods for bone resection and implantation of prosthetics are provided, including surgical techniques and related instrumentation. An ankle prosthesis apparatus can include a talar component having a lower surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation to a talus bone and an upper surface designed for articulation with a bearing component. The bearing component can have a lower surface for articulation with the talar component and an upper surface for articulation with a tibial component. The tibial component can have a lower surface for articulation with the bearing component and an upper surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation to a tibia bone and/or a fibula bone. The bearing component can have a protrusion on its upper surface adapted for engagement with a recess on the tibial component to allow desired rotational and translational movement. Methods and systems can be used to prepare a bone surface for implantation of a prosthesis including determining a location for a curved cut line on the bone surface and drilling a series of holes tangent to the curved cut line to create a curved bone resection surface. Methods and systems can be used for the implantation of an ankle joint prosthesis including the use of an alignment guide, tibia and talus drill guides, tibia and talus saw guides, and tibia and talus broach guides, all components of which can be placed on and removed from a plurality of alignment anchor pins throughout the implantation procedure. A method for medially to laterally implanting an ankle joint prosthesis can include exposing tibia and talus bones from the medial side, resection of the tibia and talus bones, broaching the tibia and talus bones, and positioning and affixing the ankle joint prosthesis components.

Claims113

Dependent claims

An ankle prosthesis apparatus comprising:

(a) a talar component for fixation to a talus bone, the talar component having a lower surface and an upper surface;
(b) a tibial component for fixation to a tibia bone and/or a fibula bone, the tibial component having an upper surface with a bone fixation portion, and the tibial component also having a lower surface defining at least one recess;
(c) a bearing component for placement between the tibial and talar components, the bearing component having a lower surface for cooperative engagement with the upper surface of the talar component, and the bearing component also having an upper surface with at least one protrusion;
and
(d) wherein the protrusion of the bearing component is adapted to engage the recess of the tibial component to desirably limit rotational and translational movement of the tibial component relative to the bearing component.

2 more elements

A method of implanting an ankle joint prosthesis comprising tibial, talar and bearing components between distal tibia and talus bones, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) exposing a tibia bone and a talus bone interface for implantation;
(b) determining a location for a tibia curved cut line for resection of the tibia bone and determining a location for a talus curved cut line for resection of the talus bone;
(c) positioning and affixing an alignment guide to the tibia bone;
(d) positioning and affixing a plurality of alignment anchors to the tibia and talus bones;
(e) using the alignment guide to provide a template to drill holes tangent to the tibia and talus cut lines, respectively;
(f) drilling a series of holes tangent to the tibia cut line and removing a portion of the tibia bone to create a curved bone resection surface on the tibia bone;
(g) drilling a series of holes tangent to the talus cut line and removing a portion of the talus bone to create a curved bone resection surface on the talus bone;
(h) removing the alignment guide while leaving the alignment anchors in place;
(i) positioning additional guide components on the alignment anchors for guiding a saw blade for finishing of the tibia and talus resection surfaces, guiding instruments for broaching of the tibia bone to form a tibia broach, and guiding instruments for broaching of the talus bone to form a talus broach;
(j) removing the alignment anchors from the tibia and talus bones;
(k) positioning and affixing a tibial component within the tibia broach so that a top surface of the tibial component abuts and is adjacent to the resected tibia bone;
(l) positioning and affixing a talar component within the talus broach so that a bottom surface of the talar component abuts and is adjacent to the resected talus bone;
and
(m) placing a bearing component between the tibial component and the talar component to desirably provide rotational and translational movement of the tibial component relative to the talar component, wherein a top surface of the bearing component slidably engages a bottom surface of the tibial component and a bottom surface of the bearing component slidably engages a top surface of the talar component.

11 more elements

A method of implanting an ankle joint prosthesis comprising tibial, talar and bearing components between distal tibia and talus bones, the method comprising the steps of:

(a) exposing a tibia bone and a talus bone interface for implantation;
(b) determining a location for a tibia curved cut line for resection of the tibia bone and determining a location for a talus curved cut line for resection of the talus bone;
(c) positioning and affixing an alignment guide to the tibia bone;
(d) positioning and affixing a plurality of alignment anchors to the tibia and talus bones;
(e) using the alignment guide to provide a template to drill holes tangent to the tibia and talus cut lines, respectively;
(f) drilling a series of holes adjacent to one another and tangent to the tibia cut line and removing a portion of the tibia bone to create a curved bone resection surface on the tibia bone;
(g) drilling a series of holes adjacent to one another and tangent to the talus cut line and removing a portion of the talus bone to create a curved bone resection surface on the talus bone;
(h) removing the alignment guide while leaving the alignment anchors in place;
(i) positioning additional guide components on the alignment anchors for guiding a crescentic saw blade for finishing of the tibia and talus resection surfaces, guiding instruments for broaching of the tibia bone to form a tibia broach, and guiding instruments for broaching of the talus bone to form a talus broach;
(j) removing the alignment anchors from the tibia and talus bones;
(k) positioning and affixing a tibial component within the tibia broach so that a top surface of the tibial component abuts and is adjacent to the resected tibia bone;
(l) positioning and affixing a talar component within the talus broach so that a bottom surface of the talar component abuts and is adjacent to the resected talus bone;
and
(m) placing a bearing component between the tibial component and the talar component to desirably provide rotational and translational movement of the tibial component relative to the talar component, wherein a top surface of the bearing component slidably engages a bottom surface of the tibial component and a bottom surface of the bearing component slidably engages a top surface of the talar component.

11 more elements

A system for implanting an ankle joint prosthesis comprising tibial, talar and bearing components between distal tibia and talus bones, the system comprising:

(a) an alignment guide adapted for alignment with a tibia bone and a talus bone, the alignment guide having at least one fastening hole for receiving a fastener for fastening of the alignment guide to the tibia bone;
(b) a tibia drill guide attached to the alignment guide defining a plurality of drill holes adjacent to one another along a curved path wherein each drill hole is adapted to receive a drill bit for drilling of holes tangent to a curved cut line on the tibia bone to create a tibia curved bone surface;
(c) a talus drill guide attached to the alignment guide defining a plurality of drill holes adjacent to one another along a curved path wherein each drill hole is adapted to receive a drill bit for drilling of holes tangent to a curved cut line on the talus bone to create a talus curved bone surface;
(d) a tibia saw guide for guiding a crescentic saw blade for finishing of the tibia curved bone surface;
(e) a talus saw guide for guiding a crescentic saw blade for finishing of the talus curved bone surface;
(f) a tibia broach guide comprising a recess, wherein the tibia broach guide is adapted to guide instruments for broaching of the tibia bone including cutting a recess that matches a top surface profile of a tibial component;
(g) a talus broach guide comprising a recess, wherein the talus broach guide is adapted to guide instruments for broaching of the talus bone including cutting a recess that matches a bottom surface profile of a talar component;
(h) a plurality of alignment anchors for guiding the tibia and talus drill guides, tibia and talus saw guides, and tibia and talus broach guides;
(i) an alignment rod attached to the alignment guide for substantially parallel alignment with a long axis of the tibia bone for alignment of the alignment guide with the tibia bone;
and
(j) an alignment tongue attached to the alignment guide for insertion between the tibia bone and the talus bone for alignment of the alignment guide with the tibia bone and the talus bone.

8 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Modular total ankle prosthesis apparatuses, systems and methods, and systems and methods for bone resection and prosthetic implantation

Life of this patent

Modular total ankle prosthesis apparatuses, systems and methods, and systems and methods for bone resection and prosthetic implantation

Life of this patent

Abstract

Claims113