Inhibitors of hedgehog signaling pathways, compositions and uses related thereto

An in vitro method for inhibiting mitotic cell proliferation in a cell, comprising contacting the cell in vitro with a compound represented in the general formula (I), or unsaturated forms thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:

• wherein, as valence permits,
• R2, R3, R4, and R5 independently for each occurrence, represent one or more substituents selected from hydrogen, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, ═O, ═S, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8;
• R6, R7, and R′7 are absent or represent, independently for each occurrence, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, ═O, ═S, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8, or
• R6 and R7, or R7 and R′7, taken together form a ring or polycyclic ring;
• with the proviso that at least one of R6, R7, or R′7 is present and includes a primary or secondary amine;
• R8 represents an aryl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, a heterocycle, or a polycycle;
• and
• m is an integer in the range 0 to 8 inclusive.

An in vitro method for inhibiting mitotic cell proliferation in a cell, comprising contacting the cell in vitro with a compound represented in the general formula (II), or unsaturated forms thereof, or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof:

• wherein, as valence permits,
• R2 and R4, independently for each occurrence, are selected from hydrogen, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, ═O, ═S, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8;
• R3, independently for each occurrence, is selected from hydrogen, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8;
• R5, independently for each occurrence, is absent or represents a substituent selected from hydrogen, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8;
• R6, R7, and R′7 are absent or represent, independently, halogens, alkyls, alkenyls, alkynyls, aryls, hydroxyl, ═O, ═S, alkoxyl, silyloxy, amino, nitro, thiol, amines, imines, amides, phosphoryls, phosphonates, phosphines, carbonyls, carboxyls, carboxamides, anhydrides, silyls, ethers, thioethers, alkylsulfonyls, arylsulfonyls, selenoethers, ketones, aldehydes, esters, or —(CH2)m—R8, or
• R6 and R7, or R′7 and R′7, taken together form a ring or polycyclic ring,
• with the proviso that at least one of R6, R7, or R′7 is present and includes a primary or secondary amine;
• R8 represents an aryl, a cycloalkyl, a cycloalkenyl, a heterocycle, or a polycycle;
• X represents O or S;
• and
• m is an integer in the range 0 to 8 inclusive.