Method and apparatus for electro-biometric identity recognition

Apparatus for identifying an individual, comprising:

• means for producing and storing a first biometric signature that identifies a specific individual by forming the difference between a representation of the heartbeat pattern of the specific individual and a stored representation of common features of the heartbeat patterns of a plurality of individuals;
• means for obtaining, after the first biometric signature has been produced and stored, a representation of the heartbeat pattern of a selected individual and producing a second biometric signature by forming the difference between the heartbeat pattern of the selected individual and the stored representation of the common features average of the heartbeat patterns of the plurality of individuals;
• and
• means for comparing said second biometric signature with said first biometric signature to determine whether the selected individual is the specific individual.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) an ECG signal acquisition module;
• b) an ECG signal processor wherein said signal processor comprises an ECG signature template generator;
• and
• c) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) an ECG signal acquisition module;
• b) an enrolled signature database;
• c) a signal processor that further comprises an ECG signature generator, and a signature comparator that compares an ECG signature with at least one enrolled ECG signature;
• and
• d) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) an enrolled signature database;
• c) a signal processor that comprises an ECG signature generator, a signature comparator that compares one or more ECG signatures generated by said ECG signature generator with a plurality of enrolled ECG signatures from said enrolled signature database, a match score generator that outputs a series of match scores based on the output of said signature comparator, and a match score correlator that correlates said match scores for said one or more ECG signatures with the match scores for at least one enrolled signature;
• and
• d) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) a signal processor that further comprises
• i) an ECG signature generator,
• ii) a signature comparator,
• iii) and a dynamic threshold generator;
• and
• c) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) a signal processor that further comprises
• i) an ECG signature generator,
• ii) a signature correlator, and
• iii) a dynamic threshold generator wherein said generator comprises a correlation transformer;
• and
• c) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) a signal processor that further comprises
• i) an ECG signature generator,
• ii) a signature correlator, and
• iii) a signal quality calculator;
• and
• c) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) an ECG signal acquisition module;
• b) an enrolled signature database;
• c) a signal processor that comprises an ECG signature generator, a signature comparator that compares one or more ECG signatures generated by said ECG signature generator with a plurality of enrolled ECG signatures from said enrolled signature database;
• d) a signature encryption module;
• and
• e) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module wherein said module comprises ultra-high input impedance probes;
• b) an ECG signal processor that further comprises a ECG signature generator and a signature comparator;
• and
• c) an output module.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) a signal processor that further comprises an ECG signature generator, an ECG signature correlator, and a signature correlation weighting mechanism;
• and
• c) an output module.

A lock comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) an ECG signal processor that further comprises an ECG signature generator and a ECG signature comparator;
• and
• c) a locking mechanism.

A room access control device comprising

• a) a signal acquisition module;
• b) an ECG signal processor that further comprises an ECG signature generator and an ECG signature comparator;
• and
• c) a room access control.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) an ECG signal acquisition module;
• b) a signal processor that further comprises a pulse rate normalization module;
• and
• c) an identification output module.

A method for identifying an individual, comprising:

• producing and storing a first biometric signature that identifies a specific individual by forming the difference between a representation of the heartbeat pattern of the specific individual and an analytical representation of common features of heartbeat patterns;
• after said producing step, obtaining a representation of the heartbeat pattern of a selected individual and producing a second biometric signature by forming the difference between the heartbeat pattern of the selected individual and an analytical representation of the common features of the heartbeat patterns;
• and
• comparing said second biometric signature with said first biometric signature to determine whether the selected individual is the specific individual.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring a first ECG signal;
• b) processing said first ECG signal to generate an ECG signature template;
• c) acquiring a second ECG signal;
• d) processing said second ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• e) comparing said ECG signature with said ECG signature template;
• and
• f) outputting the result of said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring a first ECG signal;
• b) processing said first ECG signal to generate an ECG signature template;
• c) storing said ECG signature templates in an enrolled signature database;
• d) repeating steps a) through c);
• e) acquiring a second ECG signal;
• f) processing said second ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• g) comparing said second ECG signature with at least one enrolled ECG signature;
• and
• h) outputting the result of said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an enrolled signature database;
• c) placing the resulting ECG signatures in a database;
• d) repeating steps a) through c);
• e) comparing one or more ECG signatures with a plurality of enrolled ECG signatures;
• f) generating a series of match scores based on the results of said comparison step;
• g) correlating said match scores for said one or more ECG signatures with the match scores for at least one enrolled signature;
• and
• h) outputting the correlation results.

A method of biometric identification comprising:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) creating an ECG signature from said ECG signal;
• c) comparing said ECG signature with at least one enrolled ECG signature using fuzzy logic;
• and
• d) outputting the result of said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) comparing said ECG signature with a plurality of enrolled ECG signatures;
• d) generating a dynamic threshold for said comparison;
• and
• e) outputting the identification result.

A method of biometric identification system comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) correlating said ECG signature with a plurality of enrolled ECG signatures;
• d) transforming one or more of said correlations;
• e) generating a dynamic threshold for said correlation;
• and
• f) outputting the identification result.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) calculating the quality of said signal;
• c) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• d) correlating said ECG signature with one or more enrolled ECG signatures;
• e) comparing the result of said correlation step with a threshold;
• and
• f) outputting the result of said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring a first ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) encrypting said signature;
• d) adding said encrypted signature to an enrolled signature database;
• e) acquiring a second ECG signal;
• f) processing said ECG signal to generate a second signature;
• and
• g) comparing said second signature with one or more of said enrolled signatures in said enrolled signature database.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal using ultra-high input impedance probes;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) comparing said signature with at least one enrolled signature in an enrolled signature database;
• and
• d) outputting the result of said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) correlating said ECG signature with at least one ECG signature template in an enrolled signature database;
• d) weighting the results of said signature correlation;
• e) comparing the result of said weighted correlation with a threshold;
• and
• f) outputting the results of said comparison.

A method of locking a security device comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) comparing said ECG signature with one or more ECG signature templates in an enrolled signature database;
• d) comparing the result of said comparison with an identification threshold;
• and
• e) affecting a locking mechanism based on said comparison.

A method of controlling room access comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) comparing said ECG signature with one or more ECG signature templates in an enrolled signature database;
• d) comparing the result of said comparison with an identification threshold;
• and
• e) permitting or denying room access based upon said comparison.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said signal by normalizing it for pulse rate;
• c) generating an ECG signature;
• d) correlating said ECG signature with at least one ECG signature template from a signal taken at the normalized pulse rate or normalized for pulse rate;
• e) comparing the result of said correlation with a threshold;
• and
• f) outputting the result of said comparison.

An age analyzer comprising:

• a) an ECG acquisition module;
• b) an ECG signal processor;
• c) a processed ECG signal comparator;
• and
• d) an age analysis output module.

A method of age detection comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal;
• c) comparing said processed ECG signal with one or more reference signals;
• d) controlling access to an Internet Website based on the result of said comparison step.

A biometric identification system comprising

• a) an ECG signal acquisition module;
• b) an enrolled signature database;
• c) an ECG signal processor comprising an ECG signature generator that removes characteristic waveforms, which represent common ECG features of a group of individuals, from the ECG signal acquired by the ECG signal acquisition module;
• d) an ECG signature comparator that compares an ECG signature with at least one enrolled ECG signature;
• and
• e) an output module.

A method for identifying an individual comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring a subject's ECG;
• b) decomposing ECGs from a group of individuals to determine a set of characteristic waveforms that represent common features of the group;
• c) processing said subject's ECG by removing said characteristic waveforms;
• and
• d) using the subject's processed ECG to identify the subject.

A method of biometric identification comprising the steps of:

• a) acquiring an ECG signal;
• b) processing said ECG signal to generate an ECG signature;
• c) correlating said ECG signature with a plurality of synthetic ECG signatures;
• d) transforming one or more of said correlations;
• e) generating a dynamic threshold for said correlation;
• and
• f) outputting the identification result.