Pyrimidine compounds and uses thereof

A method of treating or preventing an autoimmune or inflammatory disorder in a subject, wherein the autoimmune or inflammatory disorder is selected from the group consisting of ankylosing spondilitis, gastric ulcer, ulcerative colitis, seronegative arthropathies, systemic lupus erythematosis, antiphospholipid syndrome, iridocyclitis/uveitis/optic neuritis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, inflammatory pulmonary syndrome, systemic vasculitis/wegener's granulomatosis, sarcoidosis, orchitis/vasectomy reversal procedures, allergic/atopic diseases, asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema, allergic contact dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, transplants, organ transplant rejection, graft-versus-host disease, systemic inflammatory response syndrome, neutropenic fever, urosepsis, meningococcemia, trauma/hemorrhage, burns, ionizing radiation exposure, acute pancreatitis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, alcohol-induced hepatitis, chronic inflammatory pathologies, sarcoidosis, sickle cell anemia, type II diabetes, nephrosis, atopic diseases, hypersensitity reactions, allergic rhinitis, hay fever, perennial rhinitis, conjunctivitis, endometriosis, asthma, urticaria, systemic anaphalaxis, dermatitis, pernicious anemia, hemolytic disesease, thrombocytopenia, graft rejection of any organ or tissue, kidney transplant rejection, heart transplant rejection, liver transplant rejection, pancreas transplant rejection, lung transplant rejection, bone marrow transplant (BMT) rejection, skin allograft rejection, cartilage transplant rejection, bone graft rejection, small bowel transplant rejection, fetal thymus implant rejection, parathyroid transplant rejection, xenograft rejection of any organ or tissue, allograft rejection, anti-receptor hypersensitivity reactions, Graves disease, Raynoud's disease, asthma, myasthenia gravis, antibody-meditated cytotoxicity, type III hypersensitivity reactions, POEMS syndrome (polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes syndrome), polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, skin changes syndrome, antiphospholipid syndrome, pemphigus, scleroderma, mixed connective tissue disease, idiopathic Addison's disease, chronic active hepatitis, primary billiary cirrhosis, vitiligo, vasculitis, post-MI cardiotomy syndrome, type IV hypersensitivity, contact dermatitis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, allograft rejection, granulomas due to intracellular organisms, drug sensitivity, metabolic/idiopathic, Wilson's disease, hemachromatosis, alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency, diabetic retinopathy, hashimoto's thyroiditis, hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis evaluation, primary biliary cirrhosis, thyroiditis, encephalomyelitis, cachexia, cystic fibrosis, neonatal chronic lung disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), familial hematophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, dermatologic conditions, alopecia, nephrotic syndrome, nephritis, glomerular nephritis, acute renal failure, hemodialysis, uremia, toxicity, preeclampsia, pemphigus vulgaris, chronic salicylate intoxication, idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, autoimmune meningitis, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune thyroiditis, Sjogren's Syndrome, alopecia greata, allergic responses due to arthropod bite reactions, aphthous ulcer, iritis, conjunctivitis, keratoconjunctivitis, cutaneous lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, vaginitis, proctitis, drug eruptions, leprosy reversal reactions, erythema nodosum leprosum, autoimmune uveitis, allergic encephalomyelitis, aplastic anemia, pure red cell anemia, idiopathic thrombocytopenia, polychondritis, Wegener's granulomatosis, chronic active hepatitis, Graves ophthalmopathy, primary biliary cirrhosis, uveitis posterior and interstitial lung fibrosis, comprising administering to the subject in need thereof an effective amount of a compound of formula (I):

• or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, solvate, clathrate, hydrate, polymorph, or prodrug thereof, wherein
• aryl, or heteroaryl;
• each of R2 and R4, independently, is Rc, halogen, nitro, cyano, isothionitro, SRc, or ORc;
• or R2 and R4, taken together, is carbonyl.
• R3 is Rc, alkenyl, alkynyl, ORc, OC(O)Rc, SO2Rc, S(O)Rc, S(O2)NRcRd, SRc, NRcRd, NRcCORd, NRcC(O)ORd, NRcC(O)NRcRd, NRcSO2Rd, CORc, C(O)ORc, or C(O)NRcRd;
• R5 is H or alkyl;
• n is 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6;
• X is O, S, S(O), S(O2), or NRc;
• Y is a covalent bond, CH2, C(O), C═N—Rc, C═N—ORc, C═N—SRc, O, S, S(O), S(O2), or NRc;
• Z is N or CH;
• one of U and V is N, and the other is CRc;
• and
• W is O, S, S(O), S(O2), NRc, or NC(O)Rc;
• in which each of Ra and Rb, independently, is H, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl;
• and
• each of Rc and Rd, independently, is H, alkyl, aryl, heteroaryl, cyclyl, heterocyclyl, or alkylcarbonyl.