Use of amines and/or mannich adducts in fuel and lubricant compositions for direct injection spark ignition engines

A process for reducing deposits in direct-injection gasoline engines by providing a fuel which comprises

• a component A comprising at least one amine of the formula NR1R2R3 where
• each R1, R2 and R3 is independently H, C1-C20-alkyl or C3-C20-cycloalkyl, and two alkyl radicals together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded may form a ring and the alkyl and the cycloalkyl radicals may be interrupted by one or more groups selected from O and NR4 and/or may be substituted by one or more OR5 or NR6R7 groups where R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3, and/or
• a component B comprising at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I
• where
• R1 and R2 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3 of component A,
• R8 Is a polyisobutene radical,
• R9 is a C1-C6-alkyl group,
• R10 is H or C1-C6-alkyl,
• m is a number from 0 to (4-n) and
• n is a number from 0 to 3.

A process for reducing deposits in direct-injection gasoline engines by providing a fuel which comprises

• a component A comprising at least one amine of the formula NR1R2R3 where
• each R1, R2 and R3 is independently H, C1-C20-alkyl or C3-C20-cycloalkyl, and two alkyl radicals together with the nitrogen atom to which they are bonded may form a ring and the alkyl and the cycloalkyl radicals may be interrupted by one or more groups selected from O and NR4 and/or may be substituted by one or more OR5 or NR6R7 groups where R4, R5, R6 and R7 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3, with the proviso that the molecular weight of the amine NR1R2R3 is from 120 to 1000 g/mol and/or
• a component B comprising at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I
• where
• R1 and R2 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3 of component A, with the proviso that the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR1R2 is from 120 to 1000 g/mol,
• R8 is a poly(iso)butene radical,
• R9 is a C1-C6-alkyl group,
• R10 is H or c1-C6-alkyl,
• m is a number from 0 to (4-n) and
• n is a number from 1 to 3.

A fuel and lubricant composition for direct-injection gasoline engines, comprising a majority of a hydrocarbon fuel or a lubricant and a detergency-active amount of a component B comprising at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I:

• where
• R1 and R2 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3 of component A, with the proviso that the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR1R2 is from 120 to 1000 g/mol,
• R8 is a poly(iso)butene radical,
• R9 is a C1-C6-alkyl group,
• R10 is H or C1-C6-alkyl,
• m is a number from 0 to (4-n) and
• n is a number from 1 to 3.

An additive concentrate comprising a component B and at least one diluent, and optionally at least one further additive, wherein component B comprises at least one Mannich adduct of the formula I:

• where
• R1 and R2 are each independently as defined for R1, R2 and R3 of component A, with the proviso that the sum of the molecular weights of the radicals NR1R2 is from 120 to 1000 g/mol,
• R8 is a poly(iso)butene radical,
• R9 is a C1-C6-alkyl group,
• R10 is H or C1-C6-alkyl,
• m is a number from 0 to (4-n) and
• n is a number from 1 to 3.

A Mannich adduct of the formula I.1

• where
• R8 is a polyisobutene radical having a number-average molecular weight of from 300 to 3000 and which is derived from reactive olyisobutenes,
• R9 is a C1-C6-alkyl group,
• R10 is H or C1-C6-alkyl,
• R1 and R2 are each independently
• C6-C20-alkyl, C6-C20-cycloalkyl,
• CR11R12)x-NR4y(CR13R14)z-NR6R7 (II),
• CR11R12)x-Oy(CR13R14)z-NR6R7 (III) or
• CR11R12)x-NR4y(CR13R14)z-OR5 (IV)
• where R4, R5, R11, R12, R13 and R14 are each independently H or C1-C6-alkyl,
• R6 and R7 are each independently H, C1-C6-alkyl or C1-C6-hydroxyalkyl,
• x and z are each independently a number from 1 to 20,
• y is a number from 0 to 10 and
• m is 0 or 1.