Light-emitting apparatus and method for forming the same

A method for manufacturing a light-emitting apparatus, comprising:

• preparing a substrate;
• forming on the substrate a light-emitting device having a light-emitting layer and a pair of electrodes between which the light-emitting layer is located;
• providing a film-like transparent member on a side of the substrate opposite from the light emitting layer;
• and
• forming an uneven surface having a plurality of asperities on one of the faces of the transparent member, wherein the mean spacing Sm of adjacent asperities or the mean spacing S of peaks of adjacent projections of the asperities is no less than three times the longest wavelength of light generated by the light-emitting layer and no more than two hundred times the longest wavelength, wherein the uneven surface is formed such that at least one of the following requirements (i)-(vi) is satisfied:
• (i) the arithmetic mean slope Δa of the uneven surface is in a range between 30 and 200, inclusive;
• (ii) the root mean square slope Δq of the uneven surface is in a range between 40 and 250;
• (iii) the ratio Ra/S of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the uneven surface to the mean spacing S of peaks is in a range between 0.01 and 0.07, inclusive;
• (iv) the ratio Ra/Sm of the arithmetic mean roughness Ra of the uneven surface to the mean spacing Sm of asperities is in a range between 0.004 and 0.035, inclusive;
• (v) the ratio Rz/S of the ten-point height of irregularities Rz of the uneven surface to the mean spacing S of peaks is in a range between 0.05 and 0.30, inclusive;
• and
• (vi) the ratio Rz/Sm of the ten-point height of irregularities Rz of the uneven surface to the mean spacing Sm of asperities is in a range between 0.025 and 0.14, inclusive,
• wherein a face of the transparent member that is opposite from the uneven surface faces the substrate.