US 2006/0039616 A1Published application

Amplitude coding for clustered transform coefficients

AssigneeCisco Technology, Inc.

InventorsWen-hsiung Chen, Fang Wu, Gregory Pelton

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Abstract

A method, apparatus, and carrier medium to encode a series of quantized transform coefficients. The method includes identifying runs of one or more non-zero-valued coefficients, and for each such run, identifying events of a run of one or more amplitude-1 coefficients followed by a single coefficient of amplitude greater than 1. The method further includes encoding the identified event with a codeword that for at least some events, relatively more likely-to-occur events are encoded by a shorter codeword than relatively less likely-to-occur events. Each identified event is encoded according to the length of the consecutive amplitude-1 coefficients and the amplitude of the ending coefficient. The method is such that relatively short codewords are formed to represent values or sequences of values that are relatively more likely-to-occur, and relatively long codewords are formed to represent values or sequences of values that are relatively less likely-to-occur. The method is applicable to encoding a region in the series where there is likely to be a cluster of non-zero-valued coefficients.

Claims23

Dependent claims

A method for processing an ordered series of digital signals that each have an amplitude from a finite set of amplitudes consisting of the most likely-to-occur amplitude and at least one other amplitude, the at least one other amplitude including a next most likely-to-occur amplitude to the most likely-to-occur amplitude, the processing to reduce the amount of data used to represent the digital signals and to form codewords such that the relatively more likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively short codewords and the relatively less likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively long codewords, the method comprising:

for a first contiguous region in the series:
identifying runs that each includes one or more consecutive signals having any amplitude other than the most likely-to-occur amplitude;
and
for at least some identified runs of consecutive signals having any amplitude other than the most likely-to-occur amplitude, for each identified run,
encoding the relative position and runlength of the identified run, and of any intervening consecutive coefficients having the most likely-to-occur amplitude;
identifying amplitude events of at least one consecutive signal, an identified amplitude event including a sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude that ends in a signal having other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or ascertaining that the amplitude event has only a signal having other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or ascertaining that the event has only a sequence of consecutive signals having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, each identified event for the runlength of the identified run defined by the length of the sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, and by the amplitude of the ending signal;
and
encoding each identified amplitude event by at least one codeword such that for at least some identified amplitude events, relatively more likely-to-occur amplitude events are encoded by a shorter codeword than relatively less likely-to-occur amplitude events,
such that relatively short codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively more likely-to-occur, and relatively long codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively less likely-to-occur.

6 more elements

A carrier medium carrying machine readable code including instructions for performing, when executed by a processor, a method for processing an ordered series of digital signals that each have an amplitude from a finite set of amplitudes consisting of the most likely-to-occur amplitude and at least one other amplitude, the processing to reduce the amount of data used to represent the digital signals and to form codewords such that the more likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively short codewords and the less likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively long codewords, the method comprising:

for a first contiguous region in the series:
identifying runs that each includes one or more consecutive signals having any amplitude other than the most likely-to-occur amplitude;
for each identified run,
identifying amplitude events of at least one consecutive signal, an identified amplitude event including a sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude that ends in a signal having other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including only a signal of amplitude other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including a sequence of consecutive signals having only the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, each identified amplitude event for the length of the identified run defined by the length of the sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, and by the amplitude of the ending signal;
and
encoding each identified amplitude event by at least one codeword such that for at least some identified amplitude events, relatively more likely-to-occur amplitude events are encoded by a shorter codeword than relatively less likely-to-occur amplitude events,
such that relatively short codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively more likely-to-occur, and relatively long codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively less likely-to-occur.

4 more elements

An apparatus for processing an ordered series of digital signals that each have an amplitude from a finite set of amplitudes consisting of the most likely-to-occur amplitude and at least one other amplitude, the processing to reduce the amount of data used to represent the digital signals and to form codewords such that the more likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively short codewords and the less likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively long codewords, the apparatus comprising:

means for identifying, in a first contiguous region in the series, runs that each includes one or more consecutive signals having any amplitude other than the most likely-to-occur amplitude;
means for identifying amplitude events of at least one consecutive signal in each identified run, an identified amplitude event including a sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude that ends in a signal having other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including only a signal of amplitude other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including a sequence of consecutive signals having only the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, each identified amplitude event for the length of the identified run defined by the length of the sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, and by the amplitude of the ending signal;
and
means for encoding each identified amplitude event by at least one codeword such that for at least some identified amplitude events, relatively more likely-to-occur amplitude events are encoded by a shorter codeword than relatively less likely-to-occur amplitude events, such that relatively short codewords are formed to represent values or sequences of values that are relatively more likely-to-occur, and relatively long codewords are formed to represent values or sequences of values that are relatively less likely-to-occur.

1 more element

An apparatus including a processing system, the apparatus to accept an ordered series of digital signals that each have an amplitude from a finite set of amplitudes consisting of the most likely-to-occur amplitude and at least one other amplitude, the apparatus to perform a method for processing an ordered series of digital signals to reduce the amount of data used to represent the digital signals and to form codewords such that the more likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively short codewords and the less likely-to-occur values or sequences of values of digital signals are represented by relatively long codewords, the method comprising:

for a first contiguous region in the series:
identifying runs that each includes one or more consecutive signals having any amplitude other than the most likely-to-occur amplitude;
for each identified run,
identifying amplitude events of at least one consecutive signal, an identified amplitude event including a sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude that ends in a signal having other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including only a signal of amplitude other than the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, or including a sequence of consecutive signals having only the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, each identified amplitude event for the length of the identified run defined by the length of the sequence of at least one consecutive signal having the next most likely-to-occur amplitude, and by the amplitude of the ending signal;
and
encoding each identified amplitude event by at least one codeword such that for at least some identified amplitude events, relatively more likely-to-occur amplitude events are encoded by a shorter codeword than relatively less likely-to-occur amplitude events,
such that relatively short codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively more likely-to-occur, and relatively long codewords are formed to represent signal values or sequences of signal values that are relatively less likely-to-occur.

4 more elements

Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.

Facts

Application: 11/069,622Filed 28 Feb 2005
Priority: 18 Aug 2004
Published: 23 Feb 2006
Term ends: Not estimatedThe source records don’t support an estimate.

Classification4 codes

H04N 19/93
Using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals: run-length coding
H04N 19/60
Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals: using transform coding
H04N 19/91
Using coding techniques not provided for in groups H04N19/10-H04N19/85, e.g. fractals: entropy coding, e.g. variable length coding [VLC] or…
H04N
Pictorial communication

Family

Application10/922,508Continuation in part · filed 18 Aug 2004
Application11/069,622Continuation in part · filed 28 Feb 2005
US 2006/0039621 A1Published application
US 7,471,840 B2Related patent
US 7,499,596 B2Related patent
US 2006/0039616 A1This patent

From the US filing history. Foreign family members aren’t listed.