Phase change solvents for thermoplastic polymers
AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble Company
InventorsMark Hamersky, Steven Smith
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Abstract
Phase change solvents for thermoplastic polymers to provide blended compositions. Above the phase change temperature of the solvent, the phase change solvent solubilizes or intimately mixes with the thermoplastic polymer. Below the phase change temperature of the solvent, the phase change solvent solidifies or crystallizes within the thermoplastic matrix. The phase change behavior of these materials produce blended compositions that exhibit lowered shear viscosity and lowered processing temperature without substantially compromising mechanical properties of the thermoplastic polymer, such as hardness. The present invention also relates to a method of improving the processability of a thermoplastic polymer using the phase change solvent.
Claims20
A composition comprising:
- a) from 1 to 99 wt % of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyester, a polyamide, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a vinyl polymer, a copolymer and a mixture thereof;
- and
- b) from 1 to 70 wt % of a phase change solvent characterized by an AA ratio, wherein the phase change solvent has the general formula:
- R′—Py-(Q-Px)n-1-Q-Py—R;
- (I)
- R′—Py-(Q-Px)n—R;
- (II)
- R′-(Q-Px)n—R;
- (III)
- R′-(Q-Px)n-1-Q-Py—R;
- (IV-a)
- R′-(Q-Px)n-1-Q-R;
- or (IV-b)
- a mixture thereof;
- wherein
- Q is a substituted or unsubstituted difunctional aromatic moiety;
- P is CH2;
- R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH3,
- COOH, CONHR1, CONR1R2, NHR3, NR3R4, hydroxy, and C1-C30 alkoxy;
- wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently H or linear or branched alkyl from C1-C30;
- x is an integer from 1 to 30;
- y is an integer from 1 to 30;
- and
- n is an integer from 1 to 7 wherein the phase change solvent has a phase change in a temperature range from about 40° C. to about 250° C.
A composition comprising:
- a) from 1 to 99 wt % of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of a block copolymer, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a vinyl polymer, a copolymer and a mixture thereof;
- and
- from 1 to 70 wt % of a phase change solvent characterized by an AP ratio, wherein the phase change solvent has the general formula:
- R′—Py—(W—R″)n-1—W—Py—R;
- (V)
- R′—Py—(W—R″)n—R;
- (VI)
- R′—(W—R″)n-1—W—Py—R;
- or (VII)
- a mixture thereof;
- wherein
- W is selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—, —O—C(═O)—O—, —C(═O)—NH—, —NH—C(═O)—, imide, —O—, —NR9—C(═O)—O—, and —NR9—C(═O)—NR10—, wherein R9 and R10 are independently H or linear or branched alkyl from C1-C30;
- P is CH2;
- R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, COOH, CONHR1, CONR1R2, NHR3, NR3R4, hydroxy, and C1-C30 alkoxy;
- wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently H or linear or branched alkyl from C1-C30;
- R″ is linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl;
- y is an integer from 0 to 30;
- n is an integer from 1 to 7;
- and
- wherein the phase change solvent has a phase change in a temperature range from 40° C. to 250° C.
A composition comprising:
- a) from 1 to 99 wt % of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of a block copolymer, a polyester, a polyamide, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a vinyl polymer, a copolymer and a mixture thereof;
- and
- b) from 1 to 70 wt % of a phase change solvent characterized by an AP ratio, wherein the phase change solvent has the general formula:
- R′—Py—(W—R″—W—R′″)n-1—W—Py—R;
- (VIII)
- R′—Py—(W—R″—W′—R′″)n—R;
- (IX)
- R′—(W—R″—W′—R′″)n-1—W—Py—R;
- or (X)
- a mixture thereof;
- wherein
- W and W′ are independently selected from the group consisting of —C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—, —O—C(═O)—O—, —C(═O)—NH—, —NH—C(═O)—, imide, —O—, —N R9—C(═O)—O—, —O—C(═O)—NR9—, —NR9—C(═O)—N R10—, and —NR10—C(═O)—NR9—;
- wherein
- when W and W′ are the same, R″ and R′″ are not the same;
- and wherein R9 and R10 are independently H or linear or branched alkyl from C1-C30;
- P is CH2;
- R and R′ are independently selected from the group consisting of H, CH3, COOH, CONHR1, CONR1R2, NHR3, NR3R4, hydroxy, and C1-C30 alkoxy;
- wherein R1, R2, R3 and R4 are independently H or linear or branched alkyl from C1-C30;
- R″ and R′″ are independently linear or branched C1-C30 alkyl;
- y is an integer from 0 to 30;
- n is an integer from 1 to 7;
- and
- wherein the phase change solvent has a phase change in a temperature range from 40° C. to 250° C.
A thermoplastic polymer/phase change solvent blended composition comprising
- a) from 1 to 99 wt % of a thermoplastic polymer selected from the group consisting of a polyester, a polyamide, a polyether, a polyurethane, a polycarbonate, a vinyl polymer, a copolymer and a mixture thereof;
- and
- b) from 1 to 70 wt % of a phase change solvent wherein the phase change solvent has
- a phase change in a temperature range from 40° C. to 250° C.
- wherein, when blended at 20% solvent and 80% polymer, the composition has a shear viscosity less than 50% of a shear viscosity of the thermoplastic polymer absent the phase change solvent, and has a tensile strength at least 70% of a tensile strength of the thermoplastic polymer absent the phase change solvent, and
- wherein shear viscosity is measured at a temperature of 50° above a softening point of the polymer, and tensile strength is measured at ambient temperature.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.