Antenna arrays and methods of making the same

An antenna comprising:

• a substrate having a first side and a second side;
• a first conductor on the first side having a first end and a second end;
• the first end of the first conductor being a feed element;
• the second end of the conductor being a terminating element;
• between the feed element and the terminating element resides alternatingly a plurality of first means for radiating and a plurality first means for transmission;
• the second conductor comprising alternatingly a plurality of second means for transmission and a plurality of second means for radiating, such that the plurality of first means for radiating reside substantially above the plurality of second means for transmission and the plurality of first means for transmission reside substantially above the plurality of second means for radiating;
• and
• a power feed coupled to the feed element.

An antenna comprising:

• a first conductor;
• a second conductor;
• means for providing separation between the first conductor and the second conductor;
• a first conductor comprising a first end and a second end;
• the first end of the first conductor being a feed element;
• the second end of the first conductor being a terminating element;
• between the feed element and the terminating element resides at least one first means for radiating;
• the second conductor comprising alternatingly at least one first means for transmission and a plurality of second means for radiating, such that the at least one first means for radiating resides substantially above the at least one first means for transmission;
• and
• a power feed coupled to the feed element.

An antenna, comprising:

• a first conductor;
• a second conductor;
• means for providing separation between the first conductor and the second conductor;
• the first conductor comprising a feed element, at least one first side wide element, and a terminating element;
• the second conductor comprising at least one second side narrow element and a plurality of second side wide elements;
• the plurality of second side wide elements being substantially aligned beneath at least the feed element and the terminating element;
• the at least one second side narrow elements being substantially aligned beneath the at least one first side wide elements;
• the feed element containing a short to one of the plurality of second side wide elements;
• the terminating element containing a short to another of the plurality of second side wide elements;
• and
• a power feed connected to the feed element.

A method of making an antenna array, the method comprising the steps of:

• providing a substrate having a first side and a second side;
• coupling a first conductor to the first side, the first conductor comprising at least one feed element, at least one terminating element, at least one narrow element, and a plurality of wide elements;
• and
• coupling a second conductor to the second side, the second conductor comprising a plurality of narrow elements and a plurality of wide elements, wherein the coupling a second conductor step comprises arranging the second conductor such that the first conductor wide elements are above the second conductor narrow elements and the first conductor narrow elements are above the second conductor wide elements.

A method of making an antenna array, the method comprising the steps of:

• providing a substrate having a first side and a second side;
• cutting first conductor from a first length of pre-formed conductor, wherein the first length is determinable from a desired gain of the antenna;
• cutting a second conductor from a second length of pre-formed conductor wherein the second length is determinable from the desired gain of the antenna;
• and
• coupling the first conductor to the first side and the second conductor to the second side.

A method of making an antenna array, the method comprising the steps of:

• providing a first conductor having a feed element, at least one relatively wide section, and a terminating element;
• providing a second conductor having a plurality of relatively wide sections and lest one relatively narrow section;
• arranging the first conductor above the second conductor such that the feed element and terminating element are substantially aligned relatively wide sections of the second conductor and the relatively wide section of the first conductor is substantially aligned with the relatively narrow section of the second conductor;
• and
• providing a means to separate the first conductor and the second conductor in as arranged in the arranging step;