Active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus

An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus having a plurality of switching elements, which comprises:

• a pair of substrates, at least one of said substrates being transparent;
• a liquid crystal layer arranged between said pair of substrates;
• an electrode structure including a plurality of electrodes having a predetermined spacing for generating an electric field having a dominant component parallel to a surface of said substrate and passing through said liquid crystal layer, said electrode structure being formed on one of said pair of substrates;
• a pair of alignment layers formed on respective surfaces in contact with said liquid crystal layer of said pair of substrates;
• and
• a pair of polarizing plates arranged so as to sandwich said pair of substrates,
• wherein a glass transition temperature Tg of a surface of said alignment layer is higher than a nematic-isotropic phase transition temperature T(N-I) of a liquid crystal composite forming said liquid crystal layer.

An active matrix type liquid crystal display apparatus having a plurality of switching elements, which comprises:

• a pair of substrates, at least one of said substrates being transparent;
• a liquid crystal layer arranged between said pair of substrates;
• an electrode structure for generating an electric field having a dominant component parallel to a surface of said substrate and passing through said liquid crystal layer, said electrode structure being formed on one of said pair of substrates;
• a pair of alignment layers formed on respective surfaces in contact with said liquid crystal layer of said pair of substrates;
• and
• a pair of polarizing plates arranged so as to sandwich said pair of substrates,
• wherein a glass transition temperature Tg of said alignment layer is not lower than 300 C.