Increasing bioavailability of carotenoids
AssigneeAgricultural Research Organization, The Volcani Center
InventorsJoseph Kanner, Rina Granit, Arieh Levy
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A method of increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids is disclosed. The method is effected by contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an esterase under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids, thereby increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
Claims260
A method of increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an esterase under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids, wherein said conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids are characterized by addition of at least one additive selected from the group consisting of:
- a cellulose degrading enzyme;
- a protein degrading enzyme;
- a pectin degrading enzyme;
- an emulsifier;
- and
- at least one metal ion,
- thereby increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an esterase under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids, so as to produce a source of at least partially deesterified carotenoids, and extracting said source of at least partially deesterified carotenoids with ethyl acetate under alkaline conditions,
- thereby increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an immobilized esterase under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids, thereby increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an esterase and a recycled emulsifier under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids,
- thereby increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of reducing a fraction of Vitamin E in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising contacting the source of carotenoids with an effective amount of an esterase under conditions effective in deesterifying the fatty acid esterified carotenoids, so as to produce a source of at least partially deesterified carotenoids, and chromatographically extracting the fraction of Vitamin E away from said source of at least partially deesterified carotenoids,
- thereby reducing the fraction of Vitamin E in the source of carotenoids.
A composition of matter comprising enzymatically deesterified red carotenoids, the composition of matter characterized by at least about 40 percent by weight capsanthin, at least about 15 percent by weight zeaxanthin and capsolutein, at least about 2 percent by weight violaxanthin, at least about 1 percent by weight capsorubin, at least about 5 percent by weight beta cryptoxanthin and at least about 3 percent by weight beta carotene, and wherein said composition of matter is characterized by antioxidant activity, as measured by lipid oxidation.
An article of manufacture comprising a packaging material and at least one antioxidant unit dosage, said antioxidant unit dosage comprising a composition of matter comprising at least about 40 percent by weight capsanthin, at least about 15 percent by weight zeaxanthin and capsolutein, at least about 2 percent by weight violaxanthin, at least about 1 percent by weight capsorubin, at least about 5 percent by weight beta cryptoxanthin, at least about 3 percent by weight beta carotene and at least 10 mg per gram Vitamin E and a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier in each single unit dosage, and wherein said packaging material comprises a label or package insert indicating that said composition of matter is for increasing antioxidant levels in a subject.
A method of determining an efficiency of an esterase in increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising:
- contacting the source of carotenoids with the esterase under preselected experimental conditions;
- and
- using a carotenoids detection assay for determining the efficiency of the esterase in increasing the fraction of the free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of screening for esterases efficient in increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, the method comprising:
- contacting the source of carotenoids separately with each of the esterases under preselected experimental conditions;
- and
- using a carotenoids detection assay for determining the efficiency of each of the esterases in increasing the fraction of the free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids, thereby screening for esterases efficient in increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids.
A method of optimizing reaction conditions for increasing a fraction of free carotenoids in a source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids, via an esterase, the method comprising:
- contacting the source of carotenoids with the esterase under different preselected experimental conditions;
- and
- using a carotenoids detection assay for determining the efficiency of the esterase in increasing the fraction of the free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids under each of said different preselected experimental conditions, thereby optimizing the reaction conditions for increasing the fraction of free carotenoids in the source of carotenoids in which at least some of the carotenoids are fatty acid esterified carotenoids via the esterase.
A method of extracting red pepper oleoresin, the method comprising:
- homogenizing red-pepper fruits in water into a juice;
- centrifuging the juice so as to obtain a pellet;
- mixing the pellet with ethanol and ethyl acetate;
- homogenizing the pellet with the ethanol and the ethyl acetate;
- removing dry material;
- and
- evaporating solvents so as to obtain red pepper oleoresin.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.