Multifunctional particulate material, fluid, and composition
AssigneeMaterials Modification, Inc.
InventorsTirumalai S. Sudarshan, Sanjay Kotha, Ramachandran Radhakrishnan
Life of this patent
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Abstract
A multifunctional particulate material, fluid, or composition includes a predetermined amount of core particles with a plurality of coatings. The core particles have an average particle size of about 1 nm to 500 μm. The particulate material, fluid, or composition is capable of exhibiting one or more properties, such as magnetic, thermal, optical, electrical, biological, chemical, lubrication, and rheological.
Claims195
A particulate material, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of core particles with a plurality of coatings;
- and
- b) said core particles having an average particle size of about 1 nm to 500 μm.
A particulate composition, comprising:
- a) a carrier medium;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said medium;
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles with a plurality of coatings;
- and
- d) said core particles having an average particle size of about 1 nm to 500 μm.
A magneto-responsive fluid, comprising:
- a) a carrier fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material in said carrier fluid;
- and
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material.
A magneto-responsive fluid, comprising:
- a) a generally optically clear carrier fluid;
- and
- b) a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material in said carrier fluid.
A method of varying turbidity of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a generally optically clear carrier fluid and a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material dispersed in the carrier fluid;
- and
- b) applying a magnetic field to the fluid thereby varying the turbidity of the fluid.
A magneto-responsive fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material in a polymer matrix;
- and
- b) said matrix is selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, polyphenylene vinylene, polyaniline, and a combination thereof.
A method of varying conductivity of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material in a polymer matrix, the matrix having been selected from the group consisting of polystyrene, polymethyl methacrylate, poly phenylene vinylene, polyaniline, and a combination thereof;
- and
- b) applying a magnetic field to the fluid thereby varying the conductivity of the fluid.
An optical fluid, comprising:
- a) a carrier fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said carrier fluid;
- and
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material.
A method of varying optical clarity of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a predetermined amount of a particulate material, the particulate material including core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material;
- and
- b) raising the temperature of the fluid thereby varying the optical clarity of the fluid.
An optical fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a semiconductor particulate material in an index matching fluid;
- and
- b) said semiconductor material comprising core particles selected from the group consisting of gallium arsenide, silicon carbide, silicon, germanium, cadmium selenide, and a combination thereof.
A method of varying transparency of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a predetermined amount of a semiconductor particulate material in an index matching fluid;
- and
- b) subjecting the fluid to an electromagnetic radiation thereby varying the transparency of the fluid.
An electro-optical fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a semiconductor particulate material in a conducting fluid;
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material;
- and
- c) said core particles selected from the group consisting of indium oxide, zinc oxide, and a combination thereof.
A method of varying transparency of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a predetermined amount of a semiconductor particulate material in a conducting fluid, the particulate material including core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material;
- and
- b) subjecting the fluid to an electric field thereby varying the transparency of the fluid.
A thermo-optical fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a luminescent particulate material in a thermally switchable polymer;
- and
- b) the particulate material comprising core particles having an average particle size of about 1 nm to 500 μm.
A method of varying the chromicity of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid including a predetermined amount of a luminescent particulate material in a thermally sensitive polymer;
- and
- b) raising the temperature of the fluid thereby varying the chromicity of the fluid.
An electro-responsive fluid, comprising:
- a) a dieelectric fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said fluid;
- and
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material.
A method of varying viscosity of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a dieelectric fluid including a predetermined amount of a particulate material, the particulate material including core particles with a coating of a heat absorbing material;
- and
- b) subjecting the fluid to an electric field thereby varying the viscosity of the fluid.
A particle for delivery of an agent to a desired location in a system, comprising:
- a) a magneto-responsive core for assisting in transport of the particle to a desired location in a system;
- b) said core including a coating of a fluorescent material for tracking the movement of the particle in the system;
- and
- c) said fluorescent material comprising gold, silver, or a combination thereof.
A method for delivery of an agent to a desired location in a system, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a magneto-responsive core including a coating of a fluorescent material selected from the group consisting of gold, silver, and a combination thereof, the coating including an agent to be delivered to a desired location in a system;
- b) introducing the core in the system;
- c) tracking the movement of the particle in the system by sensing the fluorescent material;
- d) applying a magnetic field to move the particle to the desired location;
- and
- e) releasing the agent from the particle.
An abrasive thermal fluid, comprising:
- a) a carrier fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said carrier fluid;
- and
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles of an abrasive material with a coating of a heat conducting material.
A magneto-responsive particulate material, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material;
- and
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles with a chemical or biological antagonist material.
A method of separating a target molecule from a sample, comprising the steps of:
- a) provided a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a material antagonist to the target molecule;
- b) subjecting the sample to the magnetic particulate material thereby allowing the antagonist to bind with the target molecule;
- and
- c) applying a magnetic field thereby separating the target molecule bound to the core particles.
A radiofrequency-sensitive fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in a matrix;
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles selected from the group consisting of a magnetic, conducting, semi-conductor, and a polymer material.
A preceramic fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in a matrix;
- and
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles of an abrasive material with a coating of a preceramic polymer.
A self-lubricating, high-temperature fluid, comprising:
- a) a carrier fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said fluid;
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles of a metal material;
- and
- d) a surfactant.
An electrochromic fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a particulate material comprising core particles of a metal oxide in a matrix material;
- b) said core particles including a coating of a chromic material;
- and
- c) a surfactant.
A photochromic fluid, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a semiconductor particulate material in a matrix;
- and
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles having an average particle size of about 1 nm to 500 μm.
A method of varying radiofrequency absorption property of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid with a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material in a polymer matrix;
- and
- b) subjecting the fluid to a magnetic field thereby varying the radiofrequency absorption property thereof.
A method of varying radiofrequency absorption property of a fluid, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid with a predetermined amount of a conducting particulate material in a polymer matrix;
- and
- b) subjecting the fluid to an electric field thereby varying the radiofrequency absorption property thereof.
A fluid sensor, comprising:
- a) a predetermined amount of a magnetic particulate material;
- and
- b) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a material sensitive to a chemical or biological stimulus.
A quenching fluid, comprising:
- a) a carrier fluid;
- b) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in said carrier fluid;
- and
- c) said particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a polymer material.
A method of cooling a material, comprising the steps of:
- a) providing a fluid, comprising:
- i) a carrier fluid;
- ii) a predetermined amount of a particulate material in the carrier fluid;
- and
- iii) the particulate material comprising core particles with a coating of a polymer material;
- b) subjecting the material to the fluid for cooling thereof.
The particulate material of Clam 12, wherein:
- a) the alloy comprises one or more metals selected from the group consisting of copper, cobalt, nickel, aluminum, iron, tin, gold, silver, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, zinc, silicon, magnesium, titanium, vanadium, magnesium, germanium, zirconium, niobium, rhenium, iridium, cadmium, indium, hafnium, tantalum, platinum, neodymium, gallium, zinc, an alloy, an oxide, and a combination thereof.
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.