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US 2004/0072802 A1Published application
Beta-amino acid derivatives as inhibitors of matrix metalloproteases and TNF-alpha
OwnerJingwu Duan, Bryan W. King +3inventors
InventorsJingwu Duan, Bryan W. King, Carl Decicco, Thomas P. Maduskuie JR., Mathew E. Voss
Life of this patent
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Abstract
The present application describes novel β-amino acid derivatives of formula I: 1 or pharmaceutically acceptable salt or prodrug forms thereof, wherein A, X, Z, Ua, Xa, Ya, Za, R1, R2, R3, R4, and R4a are defined in the present specification, which are useful as metalloprotease and/or as TNF-α inhibitors.
Claims18
A compound of formula I:
- 149
- or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein;
- A is selected from —COR5, —CO2H, —CO2R6, —C(O)NHOH, —C(O)NHOR5, —C(O)NHOR6, —NHRa, —N(OH)COR5, —N(OH)CHO, —SH, —CH2SH, —S(O)(═NH)Ra, —S(═NH)2Ra, —SC(O)Ra, —PO(OH)2, and —PO(OH) NHRa;
- X is absent or selected from C1-3 alkylene, C2-3 alkenylene, and C2-3 alkynylene;
- Z is absent or selected from a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rb and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rb;
- Ua is absent or is selected from:
- O, NRa1, C(O), C(O)O, OC(O), C(O)NRa1, NRa1C(O), OC(O)O, OC(O)NRa1, NRa1C(O)O, NRa1C(O)NRa1, S(O)p, S(O)pNRa1, NRa1S(O)p, and NRa1SO2NRa1;
- Xa is absent or selected from C1-10 alkylene, C2-10 alkenylene, and C2-10 alkynylene;
- Ya is absent or selected from O, NRa1, S(O)p, and C(O);
- Za is selected from H, a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rc and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rc;
- provided that Z, Ua, Ya, and Za do not combine to form a N—N, N—O, O—N, O—O, S(O)p—O, O—S(O)p or S(O)p—S(O)p group;
- R1 is selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, phenyl, and benzyl;
- R2 is selected from Q, C1-6 alkylene-Q, C2-6 alkenylene-Q, C2-6 alkynylene-Q, (CRaRa1)r1O(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)O(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1OC(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1C(O) NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1OC(O)O(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1OC(O)NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)O(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1S(O)p(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1SO2NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q, (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2(CRaRa1)r—Q, and (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q;
- Q is selected from H, a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rd and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rd;
- R3 is selected from Q1, C16 alkylene-Q1, C2-6 alkenylene-Q1, C2-6 alkynylene-Q1, (CRaRa1)r1O(CH2)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)O(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa12)r1S(O)p(CRaRa1)r—Q1, and (CRaRa1)r1SO2NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1;
- Q1 is selected from H, a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rd and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rd;
- R4 is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, and C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rb;
- R4a is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, and C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rb;
- alternatively, R1 and R2 together with the carbon and nitrogen atoms to which they are attached combine to form a 3-10 membered heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and, in addition to the nitrogen atom to which R1 is attached, 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, NRc, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc;
- alternatively, R1 and R3 together with the carbon and nitrogen atoms to which they are attached combine to form a 4-6 membered heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and, in addition to the nitrogen atom to which R1 is attached, 0-1 ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, NRc, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-1 Rc;
- alternatively, R3 and R4a together with the carbon atom to which they are attached combine to form a 3-10 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, NRc, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc;
- provided that from 0-2 of R1 and R2, R1 and R3, and R3 and R4a combine to form a ring;
- Ra, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H and C1-6 alkyl;
- Ra1, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, and —(CH2)r-3-8 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from N, NRc1, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc1;
- alternatively, Ra and Ra1 when attached to a nitrogen are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and from 0-1 additional heteroatoms selected from N, NRa2, O, and S(O)p;
- Ra2, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-4 alkyl, phenyl, and benzyl;
- Ra3, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, and —(CH2)r-3-8 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from N, NRc1, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc1;
- Rb, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, NRaRa1, C(O)Ra, C(O)ORa, C(O)NRaRa1, C(S)NRaRa1, NRaC(O)NRaRa1, OC(O)NRaRa1, NRaC(O)ORa, S(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, NRaS(O)2NRaRa1, OS(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, S(O)pRa3, CF3, and CF2CF3;
- Rc, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, (CRaRa1)r1NRaRa1, CF3, CF2CF3, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NCN) NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NRa)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NORa) NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRaOH, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)Ra1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(S)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)Ra1, (CRaRa1)r1C(S) NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1OC(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1S(O)pRa3, (CRaRa1)r1SO2NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2Ra3, and (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2NRaRa1, C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1, (CRaRa1)r1—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1, a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1, and (CRaRa1)r1-5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1;
- Rc1, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, CF3, —CN, NO2, C(O)ORa, and C(O)NRaRa;
- Rd, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-6 alkyl, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, NRaRa1, C(O)Ra, C(O)ORa, C(O)NRaRa1, C(S) NRaRa1, RaNC(O)NRaRa1, OC(O)NRaRa1, RaNC(O)O, S(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, NRaS(O)2NRaRa1, OS(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, S(O)pRa3, CF3, CF2CF3, C3-10 carbocycle and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
- R5, at each occurrence, is selected from C1-10 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Rb, and C1-8 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Re;
- Re, at each occurrence, is selected from phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb and biphenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- R6, at each occurrence, is selected from phenyl, naphthyl, C1-10 alkyl-phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-, C3-11 cycloalkyl, C1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C1-6 alkoxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C2-10 alkoxycarbonyl, C3-6 cycloalkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C3-6 cycloalkoxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C3-6 cycloalkoxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, phenylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C1-6 alkoxy-C1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, [5-(C1-C5 alkyl)-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl]methyl, [5-(Ra)-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl]methyl, (5-aryl-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl)methyl, —C1-10 alkyl-NR7R7a, —CH(R8)OC(═O)R9, and —CH(R8)OC(═O)OR9;
- R7 is selected from H and C1-10 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl-C1-3 alkyl-, and phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-;
- R7a is selected from H and C1-10 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl-C1-3 alkyl-, and phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-;
- R8 is selected from H and C1-4 linear alkyl;
- R9 is selected from H, C1-8 alkyl substituted with 1-2 Rf, C3-8 cycloalkyl substituted with 1-2 Rf, and phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- Rf, at each occurrence, is selected from C1-4 alkyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, C1-5 alkoxy, and phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- p, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, and 2;
- r, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;
- and,
- r1, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;
- provided that when none R1 and R2, R1 and R3, and R3 and R4a combine to form a ring:
- (a) X—Z—Ua—Xa—Ya—Za form other than a group represented by Z—O—Za, Z—S—Za, and Z—C(O)—Za, and,
- (b) Ua—Xa—Ya—Za forms other than an alkoxy group.
43 more elements
A compound of formula I:
- 150
- or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt form thereof, wherein;
- A is selected from —COR5, —CO2H, —CO2R6, —C(O)NHOH, —C(O)NHOR5, —C(O)NHOR6, —NHRa, —N(OH)COR5, —N(OH)CHO, —SH, —CH2SH, —S(O)(═NH)Ra, —S(═NH)2Ra, —SC(O)Ra, —PO(OH)2, and —PO(OH)NHRa;
- X is absent or selected from C1-3 alkylene, C2-3 alkenylene, and C2-3 alkynylene;
- Z is absent or selected from a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rb and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rb;
- Ua is absent or is selected from:
- O, NRa1, C(O), C(O)O, OC(O), C(O)NRa1, NRa1C(O), OC(O)O, OC(O)NRa1, NRa1C(O)O, NRa1C(O)NRa1, S(O)p, S(O)pNRa1, NRa1S(O)p, and NRa1SO2NRa1;
- Xa is absent or selected from C1-10 alkylene, C2-10 alkenylene, and C2-10 alkynylene;
- Ya is absent or selected from O, NRa1, S(O)p, and C(O);
- Za is selected from H, a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rc and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rc;
- provided that Z, Ua, Ya, and Za do not combine to form a N—N, N—O, O—N, O—O, S(O)p—O, O—S(O)p or S(O)p—S(O)p group;
- R1 is selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, phenyl, and benzyl;
- R2 and R4 together with the carbon atom to which they are attached combine to form a 3-10 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from O, N, NRc, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-4 Rc;
- R3 is selected from Q1, C1-6 alkylene-Q1, C2-6 alkenylene-Q1, C2-6 alkynylene-Q1, (CRaRa1)r1O(CH2)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)O(CRaRa1)r—Q1, (CRaRa12)r1S(O)p(CRaRa1)r—Q1 and (CRaRa1)r1SO2NRa(CRaRa1)r—Q1;
- Q1 is selected from H, a C3-13 carbocycle substituted with 0-5 Rd and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-5 Rd;
- R4a is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rb, and C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rb;
- Ra, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H and C1-6 alkyl;
- Ra1, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, and —(CH2)r-3-8 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from N, NRc1, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc1;
- alternatively, Ra and Ra1 when attached to a nitrogen are taken together with the nitrogen to which they are attached form a 5 or 6 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and from 0-1 additional heteroatoms selected from N, NRa2, O, and S(O)p;
- Ra2, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-4 alkyl, phenyl, and benzyl;
- Ra3, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, and —(CH2)r-3-8 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring comprising carbon atoms and 0-2 ring heteroatoms selected from N, NRc1, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 Rc1;
- Rb, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-1 Rc1, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, NRaRa1, C(O)Ra, C(O)ORa, C(O)NRaRa1, C(S)NRaRa1, NRaC(O)NRaRa1, OC(O)NRaRa1, NRaC(O)ORa, S(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, NRaS(O)2NRaRa1, OS(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, S(O)pRa3, CF3, and CF2CF3;
- Rc, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-2 Rc1, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, (CRaRa1)r1NRaRa1, CF3, CF2CF3, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NCN)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NRa)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(═NORa)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRaOH, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)Ra1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(S)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1C(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)Ra1, (CRaRa1)r1C(S)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1OC(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)ORa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaC(O)NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1S(O)pRa3, (CRaRa1)r1SO2NRaRa1, (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2Ra3, and (CRaRa1)r1NRaSO2NRaRa1, C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1, (CRaRa1)r1—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1, a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1, and (CRaRa1)r1-5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1;
- alternatively, when, on the ring formed by R2 and R4, 2 Rc's are attached to the same carbon atom they combine to form a 3-7 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1 or a 3-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1;
- alternatively, when, on the ring formed by R2 and R4, 2 Rc's are attached to adjacent atoms they combine to form a 4-7 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1 or a 4-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1;
- alternatively, when, on the ring formed by R2 and R4, 2 Rc's are attached to atoms separated by one ring atom they combine to form a 5-7 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-2 Rc1 or a 5-7 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 Rc1;
- Rc1, at each occurrence, is independently selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, CF3, —CN, NO2, C(O)ORa, and C(O)NRaRa;
- Rd, at each occurrence, is independently selected from C1-6 alkyl, ORa, Cl, F, Br, I, ═O, —CN, NO2, NRaRa1, C(O)Ra, C(O)ORa, C(O)NRaRa1, C(S)NRaRa1, RaNC(O)NRaRa1, OC(O)NRaRa1, RaNC(O)O, S(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, NRaS(O)2NRaRa1, OS(O)2NRaRa1, NRaS(O)2Ra3, S(O)pRa3, CF3, CF2CF3, C3-10 carbocycle and a 5-14 membered heterocycle comprising carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
- R5, at each occurrence, is selected from C1-10 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Rb, and C1-8 alkyl substituted with 0-2 Re;
- Re, at each occurrence, is selected from phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb and biphenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- R6, at each occurrence, is selected from phenyl, naphthyl, C1-10 alkyl-phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-, C3-11 cycloalkyl, C1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C1-6 alkoxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C2-10 alkoxycarbonyl, C3-6 cycloalkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C3-6 cycloalkoxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C3-6 cycloalkoxycarbonyl, phenoxycarbonyl, phenyloxycarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, phenylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, C1-6 alkoxy-C1-6 alkylcarbonyloxy-C1-3 alkyl-, [5-(C1-C5 alkyl)-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl]methyl, [5-(Ra)-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl]methyl, (5-aryl-1,3-dioxa-cyclopenten-2-one-yl)methyl, —C1-10 alkyl-NR7R7a, —CH(R8)OC(═O)R9, and —CH(R8)OC(═O)OR9;
- R7 is selected from H and C1-10 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl-C1-3 alkyl-, and phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-;
- R7a is selected from H and C1-10 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C3-6 cycloalkyl-C1-3 alkyl-, and phenyl-C1-6 alkyl-;
- R8 is selected from H and C1-4 linear alkyl;
- R9 is selected from H, C1-8 alkyl substituted with 1-2 Rf, C3-8 cycloalkyl substituted with 1-2 Rf, and phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- Rf, at each occurrence, is selected from C1-4 alkyl, C3-8 cycloalkyl, C1-5 alkoxy, and phenyl substituted with 0-2 Rb;
- p, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, and 2;
- r, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;
- and,
- r1, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, and 4;
- provided that:
- (a) X—Z—Ua—Xa—Ya—Za form other than a group represented by Z—O—Za, Z—S—Za, and Z—C(O)—Za, and,
- (b) Ua—Xa—Ya—Za forms other than an alkoxy group.
40 more elements
Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.