# US 2004/0069342 A1 · Drag reduction of a heat-distributing water-based liquid contaning large amounts of anti-freeze > Agents: this data is available as JSON from the patentgrep API and MCP server — see https://patentgrep.com/llms.txt - Number: US 2004/0069342 A1 - Document ID: US20040069342A1 - Status: Published application - Kind: A1 - Application number: 10/470,034 - Filed: 2003-07-23 - Published: 2004-04-15 - Earliest claimed: 2001-01-23 - Inventors: Martin Hellsten; Hans Oskarsson - Web page: https://patentgrep.com/patent/US20040069342A1 ## CPC - F17D 1/17: by mixing with another liquid {, i.e. diluting} - C09K 5/20: Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids (for application to surfaces C09K3/18; inhibiting corrosion by liquids C23F11/00) - C09K 23/017: {Mixtures of compounds} - C09K 23/18: Quaternary ammonium compounds - Y10T 137/0391: Affecting flow by the addition of material or energy - F17D: PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES (pumps or compressors F04; fluid dynamics F15D; valves or the like F16K; pipes, laying pipes, supports, joints, branches, repairing, work on the entire line, accessories F16L; steam traps or the like F16T; fluid-pressure electric cables H01B9/06) - C09K: MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE - Y10T: TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION ## Abstract The present invention relates to the use of a zwitterionic surfactant in combination with an anionic surfactant, selected from the group consisting of a sulphonate, a sulphate, an ether sulphate, an ether carboxylate, or a mixture thereof, as a drag-reducing agent in a water-based liquid suitable for heat distribution. Besides the drag-reducing agent the water-based liquid contains 5-35% by weight of the ethylene glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is a number from 1 to 4 and 0-4% by weight of an electrolyte. ## Claims ### Claim 1 A water-based liquid, characterised in that it contains a) 0.01-1.0% by weight of a surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 8 R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms, M is a cationic group, and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms, and 0-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 9 where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above, in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, m is a number from 1 to 4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group, in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2, b) 5-35% by weight of a glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is 1-4, preferably 1, c) 65-95% by weight of water and d) 0-4% by weight of an inorganic, water-soluble electrolyte. ### Claim 2 (depends on 1) A water-based liquid, according to claim 1, characterised in that the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I has the formula 10 where R is an aliphatic group of 20-24 carbon atoms or a group R′NHC3H6, where R′ is an acyl group of 20-24 carbon atoms. ### Claim 3 (depends on 1, 2) A water-based liquid according to claim 1 or 2, characterised in that the zwitterionic surfactant of formula II has the formula 11 where, R″ is an aliphatic group of 12-19 carbon atoms or a group R′″NHC3H6, where R′″ is an acyl group of 12-19 carbon atoms. ### Claim 4 (depends on 1, 2, 3) A water-based liquid according to any one of claims 1-3, characterised in that the zwitterionic surfactant of formula II is present in an amount of 5-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I. ### Claim 5 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4) A water-based liquid according to any one of claims 1-4, characterised in that in the anionic surfactants the designation CmH2m is methylene, A is ethylene and n is 1-5. ### Claim 6 (depends on 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) A water-based liquid according to any one of claims 1-5, characterised in that the electrolyte is present in an amount of 0.005 to 1.0% by weight. ### Claim 7 Use of a surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 12 R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms, and 0-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 13 where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above, in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, where m is 1-4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group, in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2, as a drag-reducing agent in a water-based liquid containing b) 5-35% by weight of a glycol compound of the formula HO(C2H4O)nH, where n is 1-4, c) 65-95% by weight of water and d) 0-4% by weight of an inorganic, water-soluble electrolyte. ### Claim 8 (depends on 7) Use according to claim 7, where the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I has the formula 14 where R is an aliphatic group of 20-24 carbon atoms or a group R′NHC3H6, where R′ is an acyl group of 20-24 carbon atoms. ### Claim 9 (depends on 7, 8) Use according to claim 7 or 8, where the zwitterionic surfactant of formula II has the formula 15 where, R″ is an aliphatic group of 12-19 carbon atoms or a group R′″NHC3H6, where R′″ is an acyl group of 12-19 carbon atoms, and is present in an amount of 5-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I. ### Claim 10 A surfactant composition containing a zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 16 R is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 20-24 carbon atoms, R6 and R7 are independently of each other an alkyl group of 1-4 carbon atoms or an hydroxyalkyl group of 2-4 carbon atoms and R4 is an alkylene group of 1-4 carbon atoms, and 5-140% by weight of the zwitterionic surfactant of formula I of another zwitterionic surfactant having the formula 17 where R″ is a group containing a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon group or acyl group with 10-19 carbon atoms and R6, R7 and R4 have the meanings mentioned above, in combination with an anionic surfactant having the general structure R1(OA)nB, R1O(AO)nCmH2mD, R3NH(AO)nCmH2mD or R1E or a mixture thereof, where R1 is a hydrocarbon group of 10-24 carbon atoms, R3 is an acyl group of 10-24 carbon atoms, A is an alkylene group having 2-4 carbon atoms, n is a number from 1 to 10, m is a number from 1 to 4, B is a sulphate group OSO3M, D is a carboxylate group COOM, E is a sulphate group OSO3M or a sulphonate group —SO3M and M is a cationic group, in a weight proportion between the total amount of the zwitterionic surfactants of formula I and II and the total amount of the anionic surfactants of from 100:1 to 1:2.