Carbonaceous material, hydrogenoccluding material, hydrogen-occluding apparatus, fuel cell, and method of hydrogen occlusion

A hydrogen-occluding material containing a carbonaceous material, said carbonaceous material comprising a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule;

• and an atom or atomic group introduced thereinto, wherein a chemical potential of a hydrogen molecule near said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto is lower than a chemical potential of another hydrogen molecule near a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule which is not introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto, the position of said another hydrogen molecule being equivalent to that of said a hydrogen molecule to said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule.

A hydrogen-occluding apparatus having a pressure container and a hydrogen-occluding material held therein, said hydrogen-occluding material containing a carbonaceous material, said carbonaceous material comprising a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule;

• and an atom or atomic group introduced thereinto, wherein a chemical potential of a hydrogen molecule near said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto is lower than a chemical potential of another hydrogen molecule near a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule which is not introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto, the position of said another hydrogen molecule being equivalent to that of said a hydrogen molecule to said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule.

A fuel cell which employs a hydrogen-occluding material, said hydrogen-occluding material containing a carbonaceous material, said carbonaceous material comprising a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule;

• and an atom or atomic group introduced thereinto, wherein a chemical potential of a hydrogen molecule near said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto is lower than a chemical potential of another hydrogen molecule near a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule which is not introduced said atom or atomic group thereinto, the position of said another hydrogen molecule being equivalent to that of said a hydrogen molecule to said cylindrical carbonaceous molecule.

A hydrogen-occluding material comprising a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule into which at least one fluorine atom is introduced.

A hydrogen-occluding apparatus having a pressure container and a hydrogen-occluding material held therein, said hydrogen-occluding material containing a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule having at least one fluorine atom introduced thereinto.

A fuel cell which employs a hydrogen-occluding material, said hydrogen-occluding material containing a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule having at least one fluorine atom introduced thereinto.

A method of hydrogen occlusion, comprising the steps of:

• supplying hydrogen to a carbonaceous material containing a cylindrical carbonaceous molecule having at least one fluorine atom introduced thereinto;
• and
• changing pressure and/or temperature.