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US 2004/0016174 A1Published application
Synthetic jet fuel and diesel fuel compositions and processes
AssigneeThe Procter & Gamble Company
InventorsDaniel Stedman Connor, James Charles Theophile Roger Burckett-St. Laurent, Thomas Anthony Cripe
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Abstract
Novel clean fuels comprising selected nonlinear long chain saturated primary monohydric/dihydric alcohol derivatives and mixtures thereof; novel diols and/or diol derivatives; and processes for making clean synthetic jet fuels and/or clean synthetic diesel fuels as well as processes for making clean synthetic jet fuels and/or clean synthetic diesel fuels concurrently with making nonlinear alcohols for use by the detergent industry.
Claims79
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, said fuel composition comprising:
- (a) at least about 5% of one or more fuel hydrocarbons;
- and
- (b) at least about 10 ppm of one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives,
- wherein the alcohol moieties of said one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives have at least about 11 carbon atoms.
1 more element
A fuel composition for internal combustion engines, said fuel composition comprising:
- (a) at least about 5% of fuel hydrocarbons comprising:
- (i) from about 1 ppm to about 10% of a first type of fuel hydrocarbons having from about 10 to about 20 carbon atoms selected from FISCHER-TROPSCH Oxo hydrocarbons;
- (ii) optionally from 0% to about 99% of a second type of fuel hydrocarbons selected from FISCHER-TROPSCH non-Oxo hydrocarbons having at least about 5 carbon atoms and
- (iii) optionally from 0% to about 99% of at least one other type of fuel hydrocarbons having at least about 5 carbon atoms other than (a)(i) and (a)(ii), provided that the sum of (a)(ii) and (a)(iii) is at least about 80% by weight of the fuel hydrocarbons;
- (b) at least about 10 ppm of one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives, wherein the alcohol moieties of said one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives have at least about 11 carbon atoms wherein at least 0.6 weight fraction of the alcohol moieties of said one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives comprises at least one C1-C3 alkyl substituent situated on a third or higher carbon atom counting from the alcohol moiety hydroxy group;
- and not more than about 0.01 weight fraction of the alcohol moieties of said one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives comprise a quaternary substituted carbon atom;
- (c) at least about 0.001 ppm of linear primary Oxo alcohol derivatives having at least 11 carbon atoms;
- and
- wherein said fuel composition has:
- (I) a ratio by weight {(a)(ii)+(a)(iii)}:(a)(i) of at least about 10:1;
- (II) a ratio by weight (b):(c) of at least about 1:10, and
- (III) from zero ppm to about 50 ppm of sulfur.
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A branched alcohol derivative having the general formula:
- 15
- wherein a is an integer selected such that the total carbon content of the alcohol moiety of alcohol derivative is from about 11 to about 21.
A branched alcohol derivative having the general formula:
- 16
- wherein a is an integer selected such that the total carbon content of the alcohol moiety of alcohol derivative is from about 11 to about 21 and the carbonyl is at the ortho-, meta- or para-position.
A branched alcohol derivative having the general formula:
- 17
- wherein a is an integer selected such that the total carbon content of the alcohol moiety of alcohol derivative is from about 11 to about 21.
A branched alcohol derivative having the general formula:
- 18
- wherein a is an integer selected such that the total carbon content of the alcohol moiety of alcohol derivative is from about 11 to about 21.
A fuel composition for use as jet or diesel fuel, said composition comprising:
- (c) from about 90% to about 99.9% of fuel hydrocarbons having from about 9 to about 20 carbon atoms;
- and
- (d) from about 100 ppm to about 10% of one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives, wherein said alcohol derivatives are the product of a process comprising:
- (V) at a first stage providing a member selected from the group comprising:
- (A) FISCHER-TROPSCH wax;
- (B) conventional petroleum wax;
- (C) a fuel hydrocarbon distillation cut in the Jet/diesel range, said distillation cut comprising at least about 0.8 weight fraction of linear paraffins, mono-, di- or tri-C1-C3 branched acyclic paraffins, or mixtures thereof;
- (D) mixtures thereof;
- to form a first stage product;
- (VI) at a pre-Oxo stage comprising sequentially or concurrently delinearizing and preparing the first stage product for Oxo reaction, said pre-Oxo stage comprising two or more steps in any order selected from steps capable of effecting (i) chain-breaking, (ii) branch-forming and (iii) olefin-forming;
- to form a pre-Oxo stage product;
- (VII) at an Oxo/post-Oxo stage comprising converting the pre-Oxo stage product to a nonlinear Oxo alcohol, said Oxo/post-Oxo stage comprising at least one Oxo step, optionally comprising an Oxo aldehyde to alcohol conversion step and optionally a step of hydrogenation of residual olefins to paraffins;
- and
- (VIII) at a derivatizing stage derivatizing the nonlinear Oxo alcohol to a nonlinear alcohol derivative.
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A fuel composition for use as jet or diesel fuel, said composition comprising the product of blending:
- (a) from about 90% to about 99.9% of fuel hydrocarbons having from about 9 to about 20 carbon atoms;
- and
- (b) one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives, wherein said alcohol derivatives are the product of a process comprising:
- (I) at a first stage providing a member selected from the group comprising:
- propylene/butylene monoolefin oligomers having from 0.5 to 2.0 methyl groups per chain, said oligomers being prepared using molecular sieves selected from ZSM-23 and functional equivalents thereof to form a first stage product;
- (II) at an Oxo/post-Oxo stage comprising at least one Oxo step, converting the first stage product to produce a nonlinear Oxo alcohol, optionally comprising an aldehyde to alcohol conversion step and optionally comprising a step of hydrogenation of residual olefins to paraffins;
- and
- (III) at a derivatizing stage derivatizing the nonlinear Oxo alcohol to a nonlinear alcohol derivative.
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A process for making a fuel composition, said process comprising a step of blending:
- (c) from about 90% to about 99.9% of fuel hydrocarbons having from about 9 to about 20 carbon atoms;
- and
- (d) from about 100 ppm to about 10% of one or more nonlinear primary aliphatic alcohol derivatives, wherein said alcohol derivatives are produced:
- (IV) at a first stage providing a member selected from the group comprising:
- (A) FISCHER-TROPSCH wax;
- (B) conventional petroleum wax;
- (C) a fuel hydrocarbon distillation cut in the jet/diesel range, said distillation cut comprising at least about 0.8 weight fraction of linear paraffins, mono-, di- or tri-C1-C3 branched acyclic paraffins, or mixtures thereof;
- (D) mixtures thereof;
- to form a first stage product;
- (V) at a pre-Oxo stage sequentially or concurrently delinearizing and preparing the first stage product for Oxo reaction, said pre-Oxo stage comprising two or more steps to produce an pre-Oxo stage product selected from steps capable of effecting (i) chain-breaking, (ii) branch-forming and (iii) olefin-forming;
- (VI) at an Oxo/post-Oxo stage converting the pre-Oxo stage product to a nonlinear Oxo alcohol, said Oxo/post-Oxo stage comprising at least one Oxo step, optionally comprising an Oxo aldehyde to alcohol conversion step , optionally comprising a step of hydrogenation of residual olefins to paraffins;
- and
- (VII) a derivatizing stage derivatizing the nonlinear Oxo alcohol to form a nonlinear alcohol derivative.
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Dependencies are inferred from the claim text.