Sulfonylaminovalerolactams and derivatives thereof as factor Xa inhibitors

A compound of formula Ia, Ib, or Ic:

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• or a stereoisomer or pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein;
• the central lactam ring is substituted with 0-2 R1a;
• G is a group of formula IIa or IIb:
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• ring D, including the two atoms of ring E to which it is attached, is a 5-6 membered ring consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 0-2 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• ring D is substituted with 0-2 R and there are 0-3 ring double bonds;
• E is selected from phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, and pyridazinyl, and is substituted with 1-3 R;
• alternatively, ring D is absent, and ring E is selected from phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl, thienyl, and thiazolyl, and ring E is substituted with 1-3 R;
• alternatively, ring D is absent, ring E is selected from phenyl, phenyl, pyridyl, pyrimidyl, pyrazinyl, pyridazinyl, pyrrolyl, pyrazolyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, oxazolyl, triazolyl, thienyl, and thiazolyl, and ring E is substituted with 1 R and with a 5-6 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p, wherein the 5-6 membered heterocycle is substituted with 0-2 carbonyls and 1-2 R and has 0-3 ring double bonds;
• R is selected from H, C1-4 alkyl, F, Cl, Br, I, OH, OCH3, OCH2CH3, OCH(CH3)2, OCH2CH2CH3, CN, C(═NR8)NR7R9, NHC(═NR8)NR7R9, NR8CH(═NR7), NH2, NH(C1-3 alkyl), N(C1-3 alkyl)2, C(═NH)NH2, CH2NH2, CH2NH(C1-3 alkyl), CH2N(C1-3 alkyl)2, CH2CH2NH2, CH2CH2NH(C1-3 alkyl), CH2CH2N(C1-3 alkyl)2, (CR8R9)tC(O)H, (CR8R9)tC(O)R2c, (CR8R9)tNR7R8, (CR8R9)tC(O)NR7R8, (CR8R9)tNR7C(O)R7, (CR8R9)tOR3, (CR8R9)tS(O)pNR7R8, (CR8R9)tNR7S(O)pR7, (CR8R9)tSR3, (CR8R9)tS(O)R3, (CR8R9)tS(O)2R3, and OCF3;
• alternatively, when 2 R groups are attached to adjacent atoms, they combine to form methylenedioxy or ethylenedioxy;
• G1 is selected from H, (CR3R3a)1-2C(O)R2, (CR3R3a)1-2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)1-2OR2, (CR3R3a)1-2S(O)pR2, (CR3R3a)1-2NR2C(O)R2, (CR3R3a)1-2NR2C(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)1-2NR2C(O)OR2, (CR3R3a)1-2S(O)2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)1-2NR2S(O)2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)1-2OC(O)R2, (CR3R3a)1-2C(O)OR2, (CR3R3a)1-2C(O) NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)1-2C(O)NR2(CR3R3a) (CR3R3a)1-2OR2, (CR3R3a)1-2C(O)NR2(CR3R3a) (CR3R3a)1-2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)C(O)NR2(CR3R3a)1-2C(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)C(O)NR2(CR3R3a)1-2C(O)OR2, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, (CR3R3a) 0-4—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R1a, and (CR3R3a)0-4-5-12 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-3 R1a;
• A is selected from:
• C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4, and
• 5-12 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4;
• B is selected from X-Y-R4a, N(B1)C(O)C(R3R3g)l1-4NB2B3, and
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• provided that the central lactam ring and B are attached to different atoms on A and that the A—X—N moiety forms other than a N—N—N group;
• B1 is selected from H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, —(CH2)0-2—C3-7 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and —(CH2)0-2-5-6 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b;
• B2 is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, C(O)R2e, C(O)OR2d, C(O)NR2dR2d, C(O)NH(CH2)2NR2dR2d, SO2NR2dR2d, C(O)NHSO2—C1-4 alkyl, and S(O)pR5a;
• B3 is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, —(CH2)0-2-3-6 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R5, and a —(CH2)0-2-4-6 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R5;
• alternatively, NB2B3 is a 3-8 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• the shown N, carbon atoms, and 0-3 additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R5;
• ring Q is a 4-7 membered lactam consisting of, in addition to the amide group shown, carbon atoms and 0-2 heteroatoms selected from NR4c, O, S, S(O), and S(O)2, wherein:
• 0-2 double bonds are present within the ring and the ring is substituted with 0-2 R4a;
• alternatively, ring Q is a 4-7 membered lactam to which another ring is fused, wherein:
• the lactam consists of, in addition to the shown amide group, carbon atoms and 0-2 heteroatoms selected from NR4c, O, S, S(O), and S(O)2 and 0-2 double bonds are present within the ring;
• the fusion ring is phenyl or a 5-6 membered heteroaromatic consisting of carbon atoms and 0-2 NR4c, O, S, S(O), and S(O)2;
• ring Q, which includes the lactam ring and the fusion ring, is substituted with 0-3 R4a;
• X is absent or is selected from —(CR2R2a)1-4—, —CR2(CR2R2b)(CH2)t—, —C(O)—, —C(═NR1b)—, —CR2(NR1bR2)—, —CR2(OR2)—, —CR2(SR2)—, —C(O)CR2R2a—, CR2R2aC(O), —S(O)—, —S(O)2—, —SCR2R2a—, —S(O)CR2R2a—, —S(O)2CR2R2a—, —CR2R2aS—, —CR2R2aS(O)—, —CR2R2aS(O)2—, —S(O)2NR2—, —S(O)2NR2CR2R2a—, —CR2R2aS(O)2NR2—, —NR2S(O)2—, —CR2R2aNR2S(O)2—, —NR2S(O)2CR2R2a—, —NR2C(O)—, —C(O)NR2—, —NR2C(O)CR2R2a—, —C(O)NR2CR2R2a—, —CR2R2aNR2C(O)—, —CR2R2aC(O)NR2—, NR2, —NR2CR2R2a—, —CR2R2aNR2—, O, —OCR2R2a—, and —CR2R2aO—;
• Y is selected from CY1—Y2R4a, a C3-10 carbocycle, and 3-10 membered heterocycle, wherein the carobocycle or heterocycle consists of carbon atoms and 0-4 heteroatoms selected from N, O, and S(O)p, the carbocycle or heterocycle further comprises 0-4 double bonds and 0-2 carbonyl groups, and the carbocycle or heterocycle is substituted with 0-2 R4;
• Y1 and Y2 are independently C1-4 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4;
• R1a, at each occurrence, is selected from H, —(CR3R3a)r—R1b, —(CR3R3a)rCR3R1bR1b, —(CR3R3a)r—O-(CR3R3a)r—R1b, —C2-6 alkenylene-R1b, —C2-6 alkynylene-R1b, —(CR3R3a)r—C(═NR1b)NR3R1b, NR3(CR3R3a)tR1c, O(CR3R3a)tR1c, (CR3R3a)rSCR3R3aR1c, (CR3R3a)rNR3(CR3R3a)rR1b, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2(CR3R3a)rR1b, CO2 (CR3R3a)tR1b, O(CR3R3a)tR1b, (CR3R3a)rS(CR3R3a)rR1b, S(O)p(CR3R3a)rR1d, O(CR3R3a)rR1d, NR3(CR3R3a)rR1d, OC(O)NR3(CR3R3a)rR1d, NR3C(O)NR3(CR3R3a)rR1d, NR3C(O)O(CR3R3a)rR1d, and NR3C(O)(CR3R3a)rR1d, provided that R1a forms other than an N-halo, N—S, O—O, or N—CN bond;
• alternatively, when two R1a groups are attached to the same carbon atom, together with the carbon atom to which they are attached they form a 3-10 membered carbocyclic or heterocyclic ring consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 0-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p, this ring being substituted with 0-2 R4 and 0-3 ring double bonds;
• R1b is selected from H, C1-3 alkyl, F, Cl, Br, I, —CN, —NO2, —CHO, (CF2)rCF3, (CR3R3a)rOR2, NR2R2a, C(O)R2b, CO2R2b, OC(O)R2, (CF2)rCO2R2a, S(O)pR2b, NR2(CH2)rOR2, C(═NR2c) NR2R2a, NR2C(O)R2b, NR2C(O)NR2R2a, NR2C(O)2R2a, OC(O)NR2R2a, C(O)NR2R2a, C(O)NR2(CH2)rOR2, SO2NR2R2a, NR2SO2NR2R2a, NR2SO2R2, C(O)NR2SO2R2, SO2R2C(O)NR2, SO2NR2C(O)R2, C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4, and 4-10 membered heterocycle consisting of carbon atoms and from 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4, provided that R1b forms other than an O—O, N-halo, N—S, or N—CN bond;
• R1c is selected from H, CH(CH2OR2)2, C(O)R2c, C(O)NR2R2a, S(O)R2, S(O)2R2, and SO2NR2R2a;
• R1d is selected from C3-6 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b and 5-10 membered heterocycle consisting of carbon atoms and from 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b, provided that R1d forms other than an N—S bond;
• R2, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CF3, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4b, benzyl, —(CH2)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and —(CH2)r-5-10 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b;
• R2a, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CF3, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4b, benzyl, —(CH2)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and —(CH2)r-5-10 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b;
• alternatively, R2 and R2a, together with the atom to which they are attached, combine to form a 5 or 6 membered saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated ring substituted with 0-2 R4b and consisting of:
• 0-1 additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R2b, at each occurrence, is selected from CF3, C1-4 alkoxy substituted with 0-2 R4b, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4b, —(CH2)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and —(CH2)r-5-10 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b;
• R2c, at each occurrence, is selected from CF3, OH, C1-4 alkoxy, C1-6 alkyl, —(CH2)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and —(CH2)r-5-10 membered heterocycle containing from 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-2 R4b;
• R2d, at each occurrence, is selected from H, R4c, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, —(CR3R3a)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4c, and —(CR3R3a)r-5-10 membered heterocycle substituted with 0-2 R4cand consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p, provided that R2d forms other than a N-halo, N—C-halo, S(O)p-halo, O-halo, N—S, S—N, S(O)p—S(O)p, S—O, O—N, O—S, or O—O moiety;
• alternatively, when two R2d's are attached to the same nitrogen atom, then R2d and R2d, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, combine to form a 5-10 membered saturated, partially saturated or unsaturated ring substituted with 0-2 R4band consisting of:
• 0-1 additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R2e, at each occurrence, is selected from H, R4c, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, —(CR3R3a)r—C3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4c, and —(CR3R3a)r-5-10 membered heterocycle substituted with 0-2 R4c and consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p, provided that R2e forms other than a C(O)-halo or C(O)—S(O)p moiety;
• R3, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, benzyl, and phenyl;
• R3a, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, benzyl, and phenyl;
• alternatively, R3 and R3a, together with the nitrogen atom to which they are attached, combine to form a 5 or 6 membered saturated, partially unsaturated, or unsaturated ring consisting of:
• carbon atoms, the nitrogen atom to which R3 and R3a are attached, and 0-1 additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R3b, at each occurrence, is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-2 R1a, —(C0-4 alkyl)-5-10 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R1a, and —(C0-4 alkyl)-5-10 membered heterocycle substituted with 0-3 R1a and consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R3c, at each occurrence, is selected from CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, benzyl, and phenyl;
• R3d, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2, CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C1-4 alkyl-phenyl, and C(═O)R3c;
• R3d, at each occurrence, is selected from H, CH3, CH2CH3, CH2CH2CH3, CH(CH3)2, CH2CH2CH2CH3, CH2CH(CH3)2CH(CH3)CH2CH3, C(CH3)3, —(CH2)r-3-6 membered carbocycle, and —(CH2)r-5-6 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• alternatively, when R3 and R3g are attached to the same carbon atom, they combine with the attached carbon atom to form a cyclopropyl group;
• R4, at each occurrence, is selected from H, ═O, (CR3R3a)rOR2, (CR3R3a)rF, (CR3R3a)rCl, (CR3R3a)rBr, (CR3R3a)rI, Cl1-4 alkyl, (CR3R3a)rCN, (CR3R3a)rNO2, (CR3R3a)rNR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(O) R2c, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(O) R2b, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(═NR2)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(═NS(O)2R5)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(═NR2)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2C(═NR2)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rSO2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2SO2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2SO2—C1-4 alkyl, (CR3R3a)rNR2SO2R5, (CR3R3a)rS(O)pR5a, (CR3R3a)r(CF2)rCF3, NHCH2R1b, OCH2R1b, SCH2R1b, NH(CH2)2(CH2)tR1b, O(CH2)2(CH2)tR1b, S(CH2)2(CH2)tR1b, (CR3R3a)r-5-6 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-1 R5, and a (CR3R3a)r-5-6 membered heterocycle consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p and substituted with 0-1 R5;
• R4a is selected from C1-6 alkyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, C2-6 alkenyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, C2-6 alkynyl substituted with 0-2 R4c, —(CR3R3g)r—C5-10 membered carbocycle substituted with 0-3 R4c, —(CR3R3g)r-5-10 membered heterocycle substituted with 0-3 R4cand consisting of:
• carbon atoms and 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p, (CR3R3g)rCN, (CR3R3g)rC(═NR2d)NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)rNR2dC(═NR2d) NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)rNR2dC(R2e)(═NR2d), (CR3R3g)rNR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)rN(→O)R2dR2d, (CR3R3g)rOR2d, (CR3R3g)r—NR2dC(O)R2e, (CR3R3g)r—C(O)R2e, (CR3R3g)r—OC(O)R2e, (CR3R3g)r—C(O)NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)r—C(O)OR2d, (CR3R3g)r—NR2dC(O)NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)r—OC(O)NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)r—NR2dC(O)OR2d, (CR3R3g)r—SO2NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)r—NR2dSO2NR2dR2d, (CR3R3g)r—C(O)NR2dSO2R2d, (CR3R3g)r—NR2dSO2R2d, and (CR3R3g)r—S(O)pR2d, provided that S(O)pR2dforms other than S(O)2H or S(O)H and further provided that R4a is other than a hydroxamic acid;
• R4b, at each occurrence, is selected from H, ═O, (CH2)rOR3, (CH2)rF, (CH2)rCl, (CH2)rBr, (CH2)rI, C1-4 alkyl, (CH2)rCN, (CH2)rNO2, (CH2)rNR3R3a, (CH2)rC(O)R3, (CH2)rC(O)OR3c, (CH2)rNR3C(O)R3a, (CH2)r—C(O)NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3C(O)NR3R3a, (CH2)r—C(═NR3)NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3C(═NR3)NR3R3a, (CH2)rSO2NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3SO2NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3SO2—C1-4 alkyl, (CH2)rNR3SO2CF3, (CH2)rNR3SO2-phenyl, (CH2)rS(O)pCF3, (CH2)rS(O)p—C1-4 alkyl, (CH2)rS(O)p-phenyl, and (CH2)r(CF2)rCF3;
• R4c, at each occurrence, is selected from ═O, (CR3R3a)rOR2, (CR3R3a)rF, (CR3R3a)rBr, (CR3R3a)rCl, (CR3R3a)rCF3, C1-4 alkyl, C2-6 alkenyl, C2-6 alkynyl, (CR3R3a)rCN, (CR3R3a)rNO2, (CR3R3a)rNR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rN(→O)R2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(O)R2c, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(O)R2b, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rN═CHOR3, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2(CH2)2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(O)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(═NR2)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2C(═NR2)NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rSO2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rNR2SO2NR2R2a, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2SO2—C1-4 alkyl, (CR3R3a)rNR2SO2R5a, (CR3R3a)rC(O)NR2SO2R5a, (CR3R3a)rS(O)pR5a, (CF2)rCF3, (CR3R3a)rC3-10 carbocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b, and (CR3R3a)r4-10 membered heterocycle substituted with 0-2 R4b and consisting of carbon atoms and from 1-4 heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R5, at each occurrence, is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl, ═O, (CH2)rOR3, F, Cl, Br, I, —CN, NO2, (CH2)rNR3R3a, (CH2)rC(O)R3, (CH2)rC(O)OR3c, (CH2)rNR3C(O)R3a, (CH2)rC(O)NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3C(O)NR3R3a, (CH2)rCH(═NOR3d), (CH2)rC(═NR3)NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3C(═NR3)NR3R3a, (CH2)rSO2NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3SO2NR3R3a, (CH2)rNR3SO2—C1-4 alkyl, (CH2)rNR3SO2CF3, (CH2)rNR3SO2-phenyl, (CH2)rS(O)pCF3, (CH2)rS(O)p—C1-4 alkyl, (CH2)rS(O)p-phenyl, (CF2)rCF3, phenyl substituted with 0-2 R6, naphthyl substituted with 0-2 R6, and benzyl substituted with 0-2 R6;
• R5a, at each occurrence, is selected from C1-6 alkyl, (CH2)rOR3, (CH2)rNR3R3a, (CH2)rC(O)R3, (CH2)rC(O)OR3c, (CH2)rNR3C(O)R3a, (CH2)rC(O)NR3R3a, (CF2)rCF3, phenyl substituted with 0-2 R6, naphthyl substituted with 0-2 R6, and benzyl substituted with 0-2 R6, provided that R5a does not form a S—N or S(O)p—C(O) bond;
• R6, at each occurrence, is selected from H, OH, (CH2)rOR2, halo, C1-4 alkyl, CN, NO2, (CH2)rNR2R2a, (CH2)rC(O)R2b, NR2C(O)R2b, NR2C(O)NR2R2a, C(═NH)NH2, NHC(═NH)NH2, SO2NR2R2a, NR2SO2NR2R2a, and NR2SO2C1-4 alkyl;
• R7, at each occurrence, is selected from H, OH, C1-6 alkyl, C1-6 alkyl-C(O)—, C1-6 alkyl-O—, (CH2)n-phenyl, C1-4 alkyl-OC(O)—, C6-10 aryl-O—, C6-10 aryl-OC(O)—, C6-10 aryl-CH2—C(O)—, C1-4 alkyl-C(O)O—C1-4 alkyl-OC(O)—, C6-10 aryl-C(O)O—C1-4 alkyl-OC(O)—, C1-6 alkyl-NH2—C(O)—, phenyl-NH2—C(O)—, and phenyl C1-4 alkyl-C(O)—;
• R8, at each occurrence, is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl, and (CH2)n-phenyl;
• alternatively, R7 and R8, when attached to the same nitrogen, combine to form a 5-10 membered heterocyclic ring consisting of carbon atoms and 0-2 additional heteroatoms selected from the group consisting of N, O, and S(O)p;
• R9, at each occurrence, is selected from H, C1-6 alkyl, and (CH2)n-phenyl;
• n, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3;
• p, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, and 2;
• r, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6;
• r1, at each occurrence, is selected from 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 6;
• and,
• t, at each occurrence, is selected from 0, 1, 2, and 3.