Methods for producing films using supercritical fluid

A method for forming a continuous film on a substrate surface, comprising:

• providing a pressure vessel that can contain a compressible fluid;
• providing in the pressure vessel a substrate defining at least one surface having particles deposited thereon;
• and
• maintaining compressible fluid in the pressure vessel at a supercritical or sub-critical state sufficient for forming a continuous film from the deposited particles.

A method for forming a film on a substrate surface, comprising:

• forming a supercritical fluid solution that includes at least one first supercritical fluid solvent and at least one solute;
• discharging the supercritical fluid solution through an orifice under conditions sufficient to form particles of the solute that are substantially free of the supercritical fluid solvent;
• electrostatically depositing the solid solute particles onto the substrate;
• and
• contacting the particle-deposited substrate surface with a second supercritical fluid under conditions sufficient for forming a film from the deposited particles.